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CHONGQING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- The Chongqing Higher People's court on Monday upheld the convictions of 54 members of two mafia-like gangs, amid a massive crackdown on organized crime in the southwestern Chinese city.In the second trial at the court, Wang Tianlun, leader of a 23-member gang, was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve for organizing and instigating gang-related crimes, forcing others to trade and assault.Wang had controlled a local market since 1995, using violence and other criminal means to force vendors to sell meat injected with water, the court said.Tang Youbin, a gang member, was also sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve on similar charges. Another 21 members received life imprisonment and jail terms ranging from one to 20 years.In a separate case, Li Qiang, a former municipal lawmaker, was sentenced to 20 years in jail for seven crimes including organizing a 31-member criminal gang, disturbing public order, disturbing traffic order, illegal business, bribery and hiding accounting documents.Li Qiang based his gang around the company he founded in 1996, Chongqing Yuqiang Group Co. Ltd. To boost his company's share of the Chongqing transportation market, Li organized gang members to disturb the traffic order and cause traffic jams. More than 55 buses were illegally put into use in the city, with the illegal business generating an estimated 18.4 million yuan (2.7 million U.S. dollars).Of the other 30 members of the gang, 25 received sentences ranging from one to 18 years.The members of the two gangs were put on trial in December last year at the Chongqing No. 5 Intermediate People's Court.

NAIROBI, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- Achim Steiner, UN Under Secretary- General and Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) told Xinhua in an interview on Friday that China played a significant role in the process leading up to Copenhagen Climate Change Conference."I think China played a very significant role in the process leading up to Copenhagen, and in a sense it became very engaged at the highest international political level in the process," the UNEP chief said.Steiner noted that China took a significant step forward when it made its announcements of voluntary actions a few weeks before Copenhagen. And that sent a very important signal to the negotiations."We saw similar actions taken by Mexico, by South Africa, by Brazil, by Indonesia and also India. That created an opportunity," he said.Steiner admitted that Copenhagen did not deliver what the world had hoped, which was a deal among developed and developing countries to achieve significant agreement in reduction of emissions. However, he maintained that it was also not the failure that some people had attributed to it."I think in history it shall be written as a missed opportunity. We are now focused on moving forward towards Mexico and the world has an opportunity to reach an agreement," he said to Xinhua.On China's situation of environmental protection and carbon emissions reduction, Steiner said the nation has made rapid progress yet challenges still remain.He stressed that China has begun to take a different development path. Chinese leaders and people have started to look at development also from a sense of balance. And therefore environmental protection and sustainable development have taken a far quicker route of being addressed today than by some industrialized nations have done in historical terms."I think many of the measures the government is taking, from establishing a ministry of environmental protection to new legislation, to setting pollution standards, showed that in a period of just 10 to 15 years, China has walked a distance that some other countries had taken 30 to 40 years," he said.The UNEP chief added that "also let us be very realistic that environmental challenge for China is significant, and therefore effective action is necessary and urgent."He lauded China for including the notion of ecological civilization and the transition to a green economy into part of the country's mainstream development planning and the next Five- Year Development Program."To me it provides some very encouraging signs that we will see a very different economic development philosophy emerging in China. And this is also UNEP's mission to work with China in bringing the latest science and knowledge that have been developed across the world on green economy opportunities into the debate and discussions in China," he said.Referring to the upcoming Shanghai EXPO, Steiner said such big events can be not only a showcase for the country, but can also act as an experiment with policies, with new technologies and with new ways of management."The Shanghai EXPO, with the theme of 'Better City, Better Life, ' has put the quality of life, which is so closely related with environment management, at the heart of this international event," he said.Steiner compared the EXPO to the Beijing Olympics, saying that the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing provided many examples of innovation technology as well as environmental management initiatives. It is in his belief that the Shanghai EXPO will just stand in the same tradition.

BEIJING, Feb. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese military and international relations experts on Wednesday said that a recent Pentagon report playing down Taiwan's aerial combat capability was a front for more advanced arms sales to the island, which would seriously violate a Sino-U.S. agreement that Washington endorsed 28 years ago. "Any further arms sales, especially if the U.S. sells F-16 fighters to Taiwan, would increase already strained tensions with China," Prof. Tan Kaijia with the National Defense University of the People's Liberation Army told Xinhua. The report delivered by the Defense Intelligence Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense to the Congress has stressed that many of Taiwan's 400 active combat aircraft were not operationally capable due their age and maintenance problems. It also specified that Taiwan's 60 U.S.-made F-5 fighters have reached the end of their operating life and some of the island's F-16 A/B jet fighters needed improvement to increase combat effectiveness. The Pentagon's report came as Taiwan continued to voice its need for advanced U.S. weaponry such as 66 F-16 C/Ds, a substantial improvement model on Taiwan's current F-16 A/Bs. But the U.S. side excluded the fighters from the latest arms sale package. According to media reports, Taiwan currently operates 60 U.S.-made F-5 fighters, 148 F-16 A/Bs, 56 French-made Mirage 2000-5 fighter jets and 126 locally produced Indigenous Defense Fighter (IDF) aircraft. "If the U.S. equips Taiwan with new F-16s, replacing the second-generation F-5s, it would significantly increase the island's aerial combat effectiveness for F-16's compatibility to other U.S.-made weapon systems such as airborne early warning and control aircraft through Link-16 Multifunctional Information Distribution System," said Prof. Tan. According to the Communique jointly issued by the Chinese and U.S. governments on Aug. 17, 1982, the U.S. side states that "its arms sales to Taiwan will not exceed, either in qualitative or in quantitative terms, the level of those supplied in recent years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and China." "Comprehensive performance of the F-16s is far beyond that of the F-5s and the qualitative parameters of the F-16 C/Ds also exceed those of the F-16 A/Bs," said Tan. Selling such arms would "be an overt offense" against the Aug. 17 Communique, and promoting such a move by an elaborate report would not give any justification for the U.S. since the F-16 C/Ds would not be considered as a defensive weapon in any case, he said. Guo Zhenyuan, a researcher with the prominent thinktank China Institute of International Studies, told Xinhua that previous U.S. arms sales to Taiwan were covered by the front of "providing Taiwan with arms of a defensive character" to ease the backlash to the bilateral relationship from the Chinese side. "The U.S. side should know that the sooner it stops selling arms to Taiwan, the more willing China would be to work with it on global and regional issues," Prof. Jin Canrong with Renmin University of China said. Enditem Xinhua writer Li Hanfang contributed to the story.

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BEIJING, March 8 (Xinhua) -- China is making plans to upgrade its food safety system, stressing improved quality standards and strengthened supervision, according to a notice made public Monday at www.gov.cn.In late February, south China's Hainan Province took emergency measures to stop toxic cow peas from entering the market after about 3.5 tonnes of Hainan cow peas found were tainted with a poisonous pesticide.To prevent such incidents and help ensure food safety, the country plans to increase the frequency of food tests and inspections -- especially for dairy products and other high-risk food.National quality standards for diary products will also be released this year.At least six infants died and almost 300,000 became ill across the country after consuming dairy products tainted with the industrial chemical melamine. The scandal was first reported in September 2008 and prompted a food safety overhaul nationwide.

BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- One of China's two leading State-owned shipbuilders, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC), said Sunday that its profit in 2009 jumped 18.5 percent to 7.39 billion yuan (1.1 billion U.S. dollars).The Beijing-based conglomerate, which consists nearly 50 industrial subsidiaries and about 30 R&D institutes in northern China, also said its operating income rose 17 percent in 2009 to 120.9 billion yuan.General manager Li Changyin said the CSIC had overcome the impact of the global financial crisis, which crippled the global sea-based trade and brought down ship orders.Li said technological innovations had enabled the CSIC to build 180,000-dwt bulkers, 320,000-dwt oil tankers, 13,000-TEU containers as well as new types of drilling platform which can be used in water depths up to 400 feet (120 meters).According to Li, CSIC had also been actively engaged in non-ship businesses including manufacturing of wind power and nuclear power equipment, accounting for 40 percent of the CSIC's business volume.Li said the CSIC profit target for 2010 was 8 billion yuan. The operating income was expected to surpass 140 billion yuan and the CSIC output in 2010 was likely to break 10 million dwt (deadweight tonnage), he added.The CSIC, which has more than 140,000 manpower, launched an initial public share offer at the Shanghai Stock Exchange in December 2009 and raised some 6.4 billion yuan.The CSIC's main shipbuilding and industrial enterprises are based in cities of Dalian, Qingdao, Tianjin, Shanhaiguan and Wuchang.The other major shipbuilding conglomerate in China -- the China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC) is based in Shanghai, whose turf is mainly in eastern and southern China.

BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- Drought had affected 61.31 million Mu (4.09 million hectares) of farmland in southwestern China as of March 5, according to the latest figure from the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA).About half of the affected, or 32.95 million Mu (2.20 million hectares), was seriously damaged, according to the MOA.The affected acreage was in Yunnan Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guizhou Province, Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality.The areas contributed to about 16 percent of the country's annual grain output, and thus were important to the country's overall grain output, according to the MOA.

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BEIJING, Feb. 28 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government pledges to improve the quality of education and enable people to enjoy fairer education through more investment and reforms in the coming decade.The draft of the National Outline for Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development (2010-2020) was published Sunday for public opinions.The amount of government investment on education annually will increase to 4 percent of the country's total GDP by 2012, according to the outline. The proportion was 3.48 percent of its GDP in 2008.Ding Xuedong, vice minister of finance, indicated on Sunday that the four-percent target was ambitious but also challenging because other sectors such as agriculture, science and technology, health care and social security need investment, too.

BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao on Sunday urged the Chinese women to contribute more to the country's development and modernization on the eve of the 100th anniversary of the International Women's Day.Addressing a gathering marking at  the event the Great Hall of the People, Hu said Party committees and governments at all levels should resolutely carry out the basic state policy of equality between men and women, eliminate discrimination against women, and crack down on violations of women's rights in light with law.Hu stressed that women's equal rights of political participation, equal participation in economic and social development, and equal access to benefits brought by economic development must be protected. Chinese President Hu Jintao, who is also General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, shakes hands with female representatives before a meeting which marks the 100th anniversary of the International Women's Day at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, March 7, 2010Noting that the Chinese women have made great contributions in process of building the New China and realizing the Chinese nation's rejuvenation, Hu also called on the women to play a bigger role in carrying forward the country's modernization drive.Hu expressed his festival greetings to the women and extended thanks to international organizations and friends for their support to the development of the Chinese women's undertakings.Other Chinese leaders including top legislator Wu Bangguo and Premier Wen Jiabao also attended the gathering.

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BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- Emissions of sulfur dioxide, a major pollutant, in China dropped 10.4 percent last year compared with that of 2008, Minister of Environmental Protection Zhou Shengxian said here Monday.Zhou told a national conference that sulfur dioxide emissions were down 24.6 percent compared with that of 2005.The government set the target of cutting emissions of major pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand (COD), a measure of water pollution, by 10 percent from 2006 to 2010, the 11th Five-Year Plan period.Zhou said the country's COD and emissions of sulfur dioxide fell for four consecutive years after the target was set at the beginning of 2006.He said the successful reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions could be attributed to the use of desulfurization. Statistics show China had built more than 411 million kilowatts of desulfurization units since 2006.However, he said it was still difficult to reduce the amount of COD and the reduction progress was far different among regions.He said this year was the last year in achieving the 11th Five-Year Plan and the government appraisal showed that the environmental protection goal set in the plan could be achieved in time.Zhou said more than 400,000 tonnes of sulfur dioxide would be reduced this year and another 200,000 tonnes of COD would be cut down after the 11th Five-Year Plan was met.

GENEVA, March 16 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese diplomat on Tuesday called for international cooperation in dealing with global challenges such as economic crisis, climate change and the shortage of energy and resources."The impact of the global economic crisis is still with us, while global challenges such as climate change, energy and resources, public health security have become increasingly prominent," said He Yafei, China's new ambassador to the United Nations Office in Geneva."Collective efforts are essential, under the present new circumstances, if the above global problems are to be put behind us. No country can do it alone," He told a reception marking his assumption of office.According to the ambassador, China has always stood for intensified international cooperation to meet global challenges."Over the past year, China has actively participated in international cooperation to address international financial crisis and climate change, and played a unique and constructive role in a series of major international conferences," he told diplomats and journalists at the reception.He added that China had all along championed multilateralism, and the country had been resolute in supporting the positive role of the United Nations in maintaining world peace and security, promoting common development and safeguarding human rights.