简论展会筹备过程中的风险管理

暑期实践报告的前言

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- A severe drought has affected 69.6 million Mu (about 4.64 million hectares) of arable land and left 12.7 million people and 8.4 million livestock short of drinking water, said China's drought relief authorities Saturday.The figures nearly doubled the average level for corresponding periods over the past years, according to the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters.The drought had caused huge losses and serious drinking water shortages in the affected areas, said Liu Ning, vice minister of water resources.Local governments have put 750 million yuan (110 million U.S. dollars) and mobilized nearly 9 million people to cope with the draught, which temporarily helped 7.4 million people and 3.6 million livestock out of drinking water shortages, Liu said.He called for prompt allocation of more relief funds from the central government and more efforts to ensure drinking water safety and spring irrigation.The dry spell started last autumn and has hit southwest, south and part of north China. The seriousness, duration, areas affected and losses are rarely seen in history, said the Ministry of Civil Affairs Friday.Severe drought would continue to ravage the already hard-stricken southwest China as no major rainfalls are expected in the next three days, the China Meteorological Administration warned Saturday.

BEIJING, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao held a telephone conversation with his Brazilian counterpart Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva on bilateral ties Thursday, with both sides expressing willingness to promote cooperation.The Chinese president said China-Brazil relations have been deepening in a comprehensive way, marked by frequent exchange of visits between their leaders and political mutual trust.The Brazilian president's state visit to China last year brought the two countries' strategic partnership to a new level as the two sides reached consensus over a broad range of major issues, Hu said.The two countries have agreed to map out a joint action plan, he said, adding that exchanges and cooperation in various fields have seen new momentum and the two sides have maintained close coordination and cooperation in international and regional affairs.China-Brazil cooperation enjoys solid political foundation and broad prospect for development, Hu said.He said further development of their strategic partnership is in the fundamental interests of both countries and is their common aspiration. It is also conducive to world peace and common development, he said.He also said China highly values its relations with Brazil and is ready to work with the Brazilians to further promote strategic partnership between the two countries.On cooperation between the BRIC nations -- Brazil, Russia, India and China, Hu said the four countries share the same or similar opinions on many global issues and have great potential in bilateral and multilateral cooperation.China attaches great importance to the cooperation platform of BRIC countries and is willing to strengthen communication and cooperation with Brazil, Russia and India, he said.Hu emphasized China and Brazil are both members of the BASIC countries and share extensive consensus on the issue of climate change. Through qualitative coordination and cooperation, both countries have played an important role in the climate summit held in Copenhagen not long ago.He said China would like to further enhance communication and coordination with Brazil as well as G77 countries to preserve and promote the interests of developing nations so that to facilitate a positive outcome of the climate summit to be held in Mexico this year and to keep on contributing constructively to the international cooperation on climate change.Lula extended his greetings to President Hu and the Chinese people on the coming Chinese Spring Festival, adding that Brazil has prioritized the development of the relations with China and he is glad to see a smooth pragmatic progress in various fields between the two sides.He said that Brazil is willing to strengthen cooperation with China in fields like energy, aviation and infrastructure. Brazil would like to work with China on a stronger cooperation among the BRIC countries.He added that during the U.N. climate summit in Copenhagen, along with a number of other countries, Brazil and China cooperated closely and played an active role in making the conference successful.Brazil is willing to continue working with China on a successful climate summit in Mexico, Lula said.

BEIJING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- The China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC), the banking regulator, said Friday it would introduce four measures to facilitate the development of rural financial institutions.The CBRC would improve supervision of rural financial institutions, strengthen risk management, encourage their adopting effective corporate governance model, and evaluate the quality of their services, said Zang Jingfan, the supervision department director of the CBRC.China approved a total of 172 new-type rural financial institutions, including 148 rural banks, 8 lending firms and 16 rural mutual cooperatives by the end of 2009, according to Zang.Outstanding loans by these institutions totaled 18.1 billion yuan, of which 36 percent went to farmers and more than 50 percent to small businesses, he said.The government has been trying to boost lending to farmers and companies in the countryside, and the CBRC announced last year a plan to set up 1,293 rural financial institutions by 2011 to boost rural development.

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BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- Senior Chinese leaders joined lawmakers Thursday in discussions on the work report of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee.In the deliberation with lawmakers from northwest China's Qinghai Province, Li Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, said he totally agrees with the report.Li Changchun called on Qinghai authorities to further carry out the Scientific Outlook on Development and explore a new path of scientific and leapfrog development for underdeveloped regions.Li Changchun also told the deputies to step up efforts to promote core socialist values and ethnic unity.Vice Premier Li Keqiang joined the the discussion with lawmakers from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, in which he underscored the transformation of economic growth pattern.Li Keqiang said the region should improve economic restructuring, reforms and innovation, as the current drive to transform the economic growth pattern offers a new historic opportunity for western regions.Li Keqiang also said he entirely endorses the work report of the NPC Standing Committee.In his discussion with deputies from Jilin Province, He Guoqiang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, said the province should take advantage of national policies to boost its own development.When speaking of fighting corruption, He, also head of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC, urged more efforts to address the loudest complaints of the people, expand participation of the public, and strengthening the collection and analysis of online information.

SHANGHAI, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- State Councilor Meng Jianzhu on Sunday called on the armed police to enhance capacities in tackling emergencies and terrorist attacks so as to ensure a safe World Expo.Meng, also Minister of Public Security and first political commissar of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, made the remarks while watching a drill conducted by the armed police in the World Expo host city Shanghai.Armed police should focus their work on coping with complicated situations at any time and effectively bring under control all sorts of complexities, he said.Armed police should be rigorous, fair and civilized when enforcing the law, and at the same time be rational, even-tempered and conform to their professional standards, Meng said.China's armed police force had made contributions to safeguarding public safety during the 2008 Beijing Olympics and celebrations marking the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China last year, he said.The World Expo, to be hosted by China for the first time, is scheduled for May 1 to Oct. 31. To date, at least 192 countries and 50 international organizations have confirmed their participation in the global feast that will present the latest advances of architecture and engineering worldwide.

BEIJING, Feb. 20 (Xinhua) -- China Saturday issued a regulation on the implementation of the Audit Law, which required close audit to government-funded projects, to make sure financial funds were properly used.The regulation, issued by the State Council, or China's Cabinet, asked auditing offices to conduct follow-up audit to organizations or projects, which were funded or partly funded by government.The regulation was revised and passed at an executive meeting of the State Council on Feb. 2 and will become effective on May 1 this year.Under the regulation, audit authorities are entitled to launch special investigation into government departments or organizations on budget management or the management and utilization of state assets.To ensure accurate and impartial auditing, the regulation provides that organizations are entitled to apply for government adjudication, administrative review or lodge a lawsuit if they disagree with the audit results.The current Audit Law was amended and passed in February 2006 by the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress.

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BEIJING, March 14 (Xinhua) -- China saw a 32.9 percent growth year-on-year in fiscal revenue in the first two months of the year due to factors including rising tax revenue following continued economic recovery, the Ministry of Finance (MOF) announced Sunday.Fiscal revenue for January and February combined reached more than 1.36 trillion yuan (about 200.05 billion U.S. dollars), the MOF said in a statement posted on its website.Of the total, the central fiscal revenue topped 702.7 billion yuan, up 36 percent from the same period in 2009, while local governments raked in 657.61 billion yuan, up 29.7 percent.Fiscal revenue in January was 865.9 billion yuan, up 41.2 year on year and exceeding February's 494.5 billion yuan.The statement said the big difference in fiscal revenue between the past two months was resultant because a nationwide seven-day Spring Festival occurred in February, leading to fewer working days in the month.The MOF attributed the fast fiscal revenue growth to the continuing economic recovery in China which boosted tax revenue, and a low comparison base in the first two months last year, when revenue was down 11.4 percent due to the financial crisis.China's National Bureau of Statistics released figures last Thursday which showed in January and February, the country's industrial output grew 20.7 percent, and retail sales of consumer goods rose 17.9 percent, while the urban fixed assets investment leapt 26.6 percent, and import and export in general trade soared by 52.1 percent.

LONDON, March 15 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama's pressure on China over its currency's exchange rate is a manifestation of hypocrisy from the West and will not work, a British economist has said."The president is playing with fire... Obama really should tread carefully. At the same time, the United States is now at risk of sparking what could be an all-out trade war," said Liam Halligan in an article carried by this week's Sunday Telegraph.Halligan, chief economist at Prosperity Capital Management, predicted that China will not yield to U.S. pressure on the issue."Beijing will eventually allow the yuan to rise, but in its own time and in order to tackle inflation and not because of U.S. pressure."Chinese inflation is now at 2.7 percent, close to the official 3-percent control target, he noted.Halligan argued that the Chinese yuan may not be under-valued as much as Western politicians have perceived.Although Chinese exports rose by 46 percent in the first two months of 2010, the rise is from a very low base -- with February 2009 being the epicenter of the U.S.-sparked sub-prime storm, he noted.He also pointed out the fact that China's trade surplus dropped by 51 percent in the same period. That means China's gain in exports were out-weighed by an import surge."This hardly suggests the yuan, as (U.S. Treasury Secretary Tim) Geithner claims, is 'way too low'," said Halligan.Geithner said in January that Obama believed China was manipulating its currency.On Obama's latest call for China to adopt a more "market-oriented exchange rate," Halligan said Washington is actually the biggest currency manipulator in the world."The reality is that America's 'weak dollar' policy -- its long-standing practice of allowing its currency to depreciate in order to lower the value of its foreign debts -- amounts to the biggest currency manipulation in human history."Halligan also noted that Washington has for years "shamefully stalled" on various rulings of the World Trade Organization that showed America to be breaching global trade rules."America needs to act smarter and get its own economic house in order. Obama has decided instead to lash out at China in a desperate attempt to placate a U.S. electorate increasingly mindful of their president's failings," said Halligan.The economist said Western politicians' blame game against emerging markets over the current global imbalances reflects their hypocrisy and lack of character."It's always easier to blame someone else for your failings... The Western world's response to this self-made 'credit crunch' has highlighted the hypocrisy of our so-called leaders, their refusal to face reality and, above all, their lack of character," he said."The implication (of statements of Western politicians) is that sub-prime, and the deepest Western recession in generations, wasn't our fault. It was entirely unrelated to widespread financial fraud, political myopia and lax regulation," Halligan scorned.

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BEIJING, March 1 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao and other top Chinese leaders joined an evening party Sunday with representatives of intellectuals in Beijing to celebrate the annual Lantern Festival.Hu and eight other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, including top legislator Wu Bangguo and Premier Wen Jiabao, attended the event featuring song-and-dance shows and rice dumplings, a traditional food for the festival. General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Hu Jintao (C) talks with delegates from the intelligentsia during a get-together marking the traditional Lantern Festival at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 28, 2010. The CPC Central Committee hosted a get-together here on Sunday to mark the Lantern Festival

UNITED NATIONS, March 18 (Xinhua) -- China on Thursday voiced its support for the liberalization of global trade and opposition to trade protectionism in all its forms in order to pave the way for the economic recovery in the world at large.The statement came as Li Baodong, the permanent Chinese representative to the United Nations, was taking the floor at the Special High-Level Meeting of the UN Economic and Social Council with the Bretton Woods Institutes, namely the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development."China supports the liberalization and facilitation of global trade, and opposes trade protectionism in all its forms," Li said. "We should strive for the conclusion of the Doha round negotiations in 2010 to bring about comprehensive and balanced results. We also need to redouble the efforts of the WTO to promote aid for trade, and help developing countries strengthen capacity building.""Trade is a key driver for world economic recovery," he said. " Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, world trade has plummeted, and trade protectionism is on a visible increase. Developing countries are the biggest victims of trade protectionism.""The overall situation of the world economy has now turned for the better, but with the negative impact of the financial crisis still lingering, developing countries are faced with a huge challenge in achieving the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) on schedule," Li said.The High-level Plenary Meeting on MDGs to be held in September this year will be a major action taken by the UN system for the achievement of the MDGs in 2015, Li said."China supports the convening of this meeting and hopes the meeting will provide a platform for the international community to hear the voice of UN member states, especially that of developing countries, learn about the difficulties they have encountered in achieving the MDGs, and push for developed countries to truly shoulder the responsibility of helping developing countries, fulfill their commitments and reach consensus on future actions," he added.