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NAIROBI, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- The UN environmental agency UNEP Saturday hailed China's commitment to the fight against climate change and the recently-announced measure to render assistance to African countries in clean energy development.     China's State Council announced on Nov. 26 that China is going to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with the level of 2005.     "China's announcement has assisted in triggering fresh momentumin the days running up to the crucial UN climate convention meeting in Copenhagen. It underscores China's determination to continue and accelerate the decoupling of CO2 emissions from economic growth," said Nick Nuttall, spokesman for the office of UN Environment Programme (UNEP) executive director.     He noted that China's announcement, alongside commitments and pledges by other countries or blocs like the European Union, Brazil, Mexico and the Republic of Korea, is bringing the opportunity of a decisive agreement in the Danish capital this month far closer than perhaps was the case only a few months ago.     "China is one among several nations that has increasingly recognized that development in the 21st century and environmental considerations are not a contradiction, but can be mutually supportive in terms of generating growth and jobs for a healthy, prosperous and stable society," said Nuttall in an exclusive written interview with Xinhua.     With regards to the new measures announced by China last month to assist Africa with clean energy projects, the spokesman termed it as "timely".     "Africa is the continent that is the least one responsible for climate change, yet it remains the most vulnerable and also has an especially important need for energy with many of the two billion people without access to electricity living in Africa," Nuttall stressed.     "The decision (of China) to support 100 projects can assist Africa in economic development and diversification in terms of sectors and wider-employment prospects while assisting towards a more sustainable path," said he, "So in terms of fighting poverty, accelerating development and combating climate change, China's announcement to assist Africa is welcome news."     At the fourth ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in the Egyptian resort of Sharm el-Sheikh earlier last month, the Chinese government proposed to establish a China-Africa partnership in addressing climate change, as one of the eight new measures to strengthen the cooperation between the two sides in the next three years.     Senior officials' consultations with African countries will be held from time to time in this field, while cooperation will be enhanced on satellite weather monitoring. Development and utilization of new energy sources, prevention and control of desertification and urban environmental protection will also be boosted.     China has also decided to build 100 clean energy projects for Africa covering solar power, bio-gas and small hydro-power.     The spokesman also expressed optimistic about the upcoming Copenhagen conference, "While there is a great deal to be done in Copenhagen to realize a decisive and equitable agreement, there is now a real chance that the UN climate convention meeting can be a success."     He also listed several tests which will be faced with by the participates of the crucial meeting, like whether it can agree on a deal that reflects the science of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or in other words, whether it can set the stage for a 25 percent to 40 percent emission reduction by 2020 and deeper cuts beyond.     The funding was also a bottleneck in the bid to strike a pivotal deal in the meeting. Nuttall elaborated by identifying as a test whether "Copenhagen can develop a global financial partnership in which developing economies are given sufficient resource to adapt to the climate change already underway while being assisted towards a low carbon path".     According to UNEP estimates, sums of perhaps 100 billion U.S. dollars a year by 2020 may be needed and there needs to be a quick start fund of several billion dollars almost immediately.     Meanwhile, other elements need to be put in place including action that recognizes the mitigation and adaptation role of ecosystems like forests which will be increasingly important in terms of their role in delivering water supplies and stabilizing economically-important soils against extreme weather events, Nuttall told Xinhua.     UNEP's recent Blue Carbon report estimated that around half of all the world's transport emissions are being captured and locked away by sea grasses, mangroves and salt marshes.     "Copenhagen could and must be the start of a really new and more creative development path for six billion people, rising to nine billion by 2050," Nuttall said determinedly.     The Copenhagen climate summit is scheduled for Dec. 7-18, where representatives of about 190 countries are expected to renew greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets set by the Kyoto Protocol, the first commitment period of which is to expire in 2012. It is also expected to outline the post-2012 negotiation path.

PHNOM PENH, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- China will make joint efforts with Cambodia to achieve a win-win cooperation, Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping said Monday.     "Furthering relations with Cambodia has long been China's consistent policy," Xi told Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen during talks. Visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R) and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (L) review the guard of honor during a welcoming ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Dec. 21, 2009. Hailing the traditional friendship fostered by the leaders of the old generation of the two countries, Xi said China and Cambodia have maintained political trust and fruitful cooperation and support each other in international and regional affairs.     He called China-Cambodia relations "a good example of sincere cooperation between countries with different social systems." Visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R2) and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (L2) hold talks in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Dec. 21, 2009Xi put forward a four-point proposal to cement relations with Cambodia, including keeping high-level contacts, strengthening exchanges on country governance, deepening economic and trade cooperation and promoting coordination in international and regional affairs.     Xi said the free trade zone between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) would be completed in 2010, and China and Cambodia should take the chance to push for stable and balanced growth in their bilateral trade.     Hun Sen said he was happy to meet with Chinese leaders for the first time in the new government building, which was constructed with China's assistance and has served as an embodiment of the friendliness between the two countries. Visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L, front) shakes hands with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (R2) during a signing ceremony of the two country's mutually-beneficial cooperation documents in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Dec. 21, 2009. He spoke highly of China's development and its contribution to neighboring countries' progress and expressed gratitude for China's long-term support for Cambodia's development.     Hun Sen said Cambodia would strengthen cooperation with China in the political, trade, cultural, tourism and security fields and pledged the country's adherence to the one-China policy.     After their talks, the two leaders attended a signing ceremony for a deal on China's preferential loan to Cambodia.     Xi also presented a wreath to the independence monument in Phnom Penh on Monday.

JOHANNESBURG, Dec. 24, (Xinhua) -- Legal ties between China and Africa have taken a major step forward with the conclusion of the First Forum on China-Africa Legal Co-operation in Cairo, Egypt on Monday.     Under the theme "Strengthen China-Africa Legal Exchange and Promote All Round Development of China-Africa Relationship", this forum was the first time lawyers from the China and Africa had met in such circumstances.     Greg Nott, who led the South African delegation, said on his return to Johannesburg on Thursday that he was "terribly excited by this forum and look forward to the implementation of a number of proposals tabled."     These included an exchange and cooperation between Chinese and African legal circles and a legal "think tank" to promote a universal and sustainable development of the China-Africa relationship.     Nott, who is the legal representative of the China-Africa Development Fund as well other China investor clients, said there were a number of other "ambitious and exciting proposals".     These include "the establishment of training and consulting centres as well as training projects for young African lawyers. This goes all hand-in-hand with private sector lawyers driving intellectual and legal support for business activity on both continents."     The forum was convened as the first step towards pragmatic cooperation between Chinese and African legal circles.     It was attended by delegates from Botswana, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia, as well as a strong delegation from the China Law Society.     The agenda included the important role of law in China-Africa cooperation, an introduction to the legal systems of China and African countries and their impact on trade and investment relations.     A number of prominent Egyptian and Chinese lawyers presided over the panels. The lawyers have much work to do because while China has one legal system, the 53 nations which make up Africa each have their own systems. Most are based on either the British legal system, with elements of Roman/Dutch law, or the French legal system.     There is also a strong legacy of Portuguese influence in former colonies. China's civil law system is based on traditional customs and practices, with Soviet and German influence.     Held on Dec. 20 and 21, the forum was hosted at the Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration.     The South African delegation included Rajen Ranchhoojee and Sheng Wu of the Johannesburg legal firm Dewey & LeBoeuf, where Nott is the managing partner.     The legal forum followed shortly after the meeting of foreign ministers at the fourth Forum on Africa China Cooperation, which was held in for Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt from Nov. 8 to 9.     At that meeting South African International Relations and Cooperation Minister Maite Nkoana Mashabane said China had played an important role in Africa's renewal. "For instance it has had significant role in peacekeeping in Africa."     She said a major strength of Chinese aid was its orientation to recipient priorities such as infrastructure (telecommunications, energy, roads) and productive sector investments (agriculture).     "Furthermore, Chinese assistance is considered to be relatively predictable assistance because it is disbursed on schedule within the intended financial year."     At that point she said development cooperation between South Africa and China is was regulated by two Agreements, "namely an agreement on Human Resource Development that was signed in 2004 and a February 2007 Agreement on Technical and Economic Cooperation". 

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Editor's note: Xinhua correspondents Zhao Cheng and Tian Fan, who accompanied and covered Premier Wen Jiabao's tour to the Copenhagen climate talks last week, recall in this following special report what they witnessed at the summit in the Danish capital. With close-in observations of Premier Wen's tight schedule and meetings with world leaders, their account is expected to shed light on some queries concerning the conference.     * What did Premier Wen tell world leaders?     * Why was Premier Wen missing from a mysterious small group meeting called by the United States?     * How was Copenhagen Accord finally reached after long, tough negotiations?          BEIJING, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao left Beijing for the climate summit in Copenhagen, Denmark on Dec. 16, when pessimism and disappointment were simmering among negotiators, who, after about 10 days' bargaining, found a bridge to span their rift seemed a mission impossible.     "It will be a tough task. Now I can feel how heavy my duty is to attend the meeting on behalf of the Chinese government," Wen told reporters aboard his plane en route to Copenhagen. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao speaks at the leaders' meeting of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark, Dec. 18, 2009Nevertheless, Wen said he was confident that the talks would bear fruit. "As so many world leaders are gathered there, I believe there should come some achievements," he said. "No matter what the result is, China's action plan will not change, its voluntary reduction target will always be non-negotiable, and its determination in hitting the target will never waver."

BEIJING, Dec. 22 (Xinhua) -- China on Tuesday said the proper handling of sensitive issues was crucial to stronger Sino-French ties, and proposed deeper political trust and wider pragmatic cooperation.     "Both countries should properly deal with sensitive issues, enhance political trust, expand pragmatic cooperation in an effort to bring bilateral relationship to a new high," Chinese President Hu Jintao told visiting French Prime Minister Francois Fillon Tuesday afternoon. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with French Prime Minister Francois Fillon at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 22, 2009Fillon's visit was seen by observers as a symbol of the recovery of bilateral ties that were frozen in 2008 caused by frictions over Tibet and other issues concerning China's core interests.     France in April pledged not to support "Tibet independence" in any form.     "I've met twice with President Sarkozy on the sidelines of international conferences this year," Hu recalled, referring to the first one in London in April and the other in New York in September.     "We've reached important consensus on consolidating and developing China-French relationship and bringing it back to the track of sound and stable growth," Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R Front) meets with French Prime Minister Francois Fillon (L Front) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 22, 2009.Fillon, on his first visit to China since taking office in 2007,said bilateral relations was in rapid development after the meetings between the two presidents.     Reviewing the past, Hu said the 45-year China-France diplomatic relations had overcome difficulties and moved forward despite vicissitude in international arena.     "The establishment of China-France comprehensive strategic partnership in 2004 provided a broad prospect for bilateral relations in the 21st century," Hu said.     Fillon echoed Hu's views, saying both countries would have a promising prospect in the cooperation on nuclear energy, trade, science and technology, education and culture.     China and France unveiled their biggest nuclear energy joint venture and inked two deals on aviation cooperation during Fillon's three-day visit. Wu Bangguo (R1), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, the country's top legislature, meets with French Prime Minister Francois Fillon (L1) in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 22, 2009.The venture, with a registered capital of about 16.7 billion yuan (2.5 billion U.S. dollars), will annually generate 26 billion kilowatt-hours on-grid energy when completed in 2014.     During their hour-long meeting at the Great Hall of the People, Hu and Fillon also exchanged views on international issues.     "As permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China and France share same or similar views on many major international and regional issues, enjoy common interests and assume important responsibilities on international affairs," Hu said.     Fillon expected both countries to jointly oppose trade protectionism, weather the impacts of global economic downturn and restructure international financial system. Wu Bangguo (R), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, the country's top legislature, meets with French Prime Minister Francois Fillon in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 22, 2009Before their meeting, top Chinese legislator Wu Bangguo also met with Fillon on bilateral relations.     As Fillon's entourage included some French legislators, Wu called for more legislative exchanges at different levels in a bid to lay a more solid public foundation for China-France relations.     Fillon will fly back home late Tuesday night.

BEIJING, Dec. 26 (Xinhua) -- China will make unswerving efforts and work jointly with the international community for the completion of the Bali Roadmap negotiations at the Mexico climate talks next year, a senior official said Saturday.     Xie Zhenhua, vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), told Xinhua that China, as it has always done, would continue to play an active and constructive role on that front.     Also head of the Chinese delegation to the Copenhagen climate conference, Xie said developed countries bound by the Kyoto Protocol should confirm their second-phase emission reduction targets as soon as possible.     He said almost no progress was made on some key issues during the international climate change meeting in Copenhagen because developed countries were seeking to shift off obligations demanded by international climate agreements.     "Developing countries have raised requests concerning slowing and adapting to climate change, as well as funding and technology assistance, but developed countries have given no clear response, resulting in almost stagnation on key issues in these talks," he said.     It is also necessary to define the comparability of efforts in emission reduction between non-contracting developed countries and those who have endorsed the Protocol, said Xie.     He said parties bound by the Protocol should fulfill their commitment to short-term financing and stick to their promises on long-term funding.     Xie also urged developed nations to speed up technology transfer to developing countries.     Prior to the climate meeting, the Chinese government announced to cut emissions intensity by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 from the 2005 level.     During the talks in Copenhagen, China played an active role in seeking a viable solution to tackle global warming when diversity existed among countries, and it made great efforts to seek common ground while putting aside differences for further discussions, Xie said.

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ASHGABAT, Dec. 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao met here on Sunday with Uzbek President Islam Karimov to exchange views on bilateral relations and other issues of common concern, and both leaders agreed to push forward bilateral ties. Hu is in Ashgabat, capital of Turkmenistan, for a working visit at the invitation of Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov.     As guests of Berdymukhamedov, Hu, Karimov and Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev will attend a ceremony to inaugurate the China-Central Asia natural gas pipeline on Monday. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with Uzbek President Islam Karimov in Ashgabat, capital of Turkmenistan, on Dec. 13, 2009    In the meeting with his Uzbek counterpart, Hu said the relationship between China and Uzbekistan has been developing consistently and stably in an all-round manner. High-level contacts are frequent, political trust has been intensified and cooperative projects in many fields have yielded remarkable results.     Both nations have been mutually supportive on issues concerning each other's core interests, and both have sustained communication and collaboration in international and regional affairs, Hu said.     China has always attached great importance to developing its ties with Uzbekistan, which is seen as an important partner in central Asia, Hu said, and it is China's firm policy to safeguard and develop its relations with Uzbekistan.     China is willing to work with Uzbekistan to further high-level exchanges, deepen practical cooperation, and ensure the sound and stable development of the friendly cooperative partnership, Hu said.     On the gas transportation project, Hu said the Chinese side is ready to work together with Uzbekistan and to ensure a safe and smooth operation of the pipeline, and implement the agreements concerning the expansion of bilateral cooperation in gas and petrol fields.     The 1,833-km China-Central Asia gas pipeline starts from the border between Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, and runs through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan before reaching northwest China's Xinjiang region. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao meets with Uzbek President Islam Karimov in Ashgabat, capital of Turkmenistan, on Dec. 13, 2009Hu also proposed that the two countries deepen cooperation in developing mineral resources and carry out the relevant documents signed by the two parties. The long-term, stable, practical and mutually beneficial trade relations shall be consolidated, he said.     The Chinese leader said the role of the intergovernmental economic and trade cooperation commission shall be brought into full play and agreements reached at the eighth meeting of the Sino-Uzbekistan joint economic and trade commission shall also be substantiated.     Hu pointed out that cooperation should be promoted particularly in the fields of economy and trade, transportation, telecommunication, light industry and agriculture.     In terms of security, Hu said the Central-Asian region is confronted with grave security challenges. It is a common responsibility of all countries concerned, including China and Uzbekistan, to combat the "three forces" that engage in terrorism, separatism and extremism, and to safeguard the security and stability of the area, he said.     China is willing to consolidate contacts and cooperation with Uzbek law enforcement authorities and security departments to safeguard the national and regional stability, he said.     With the efforts of its member states, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has been striving to offset the negative impacts brought by changes in international and regional affairs. The entity has exerted an important role in promoting the stability of the Central Asian region and safeguarding the common interests of the member states, Hu said.     As the rotating chair state of the SCO, Uzbekistan has actively coordinated the body's development and made a series of significant proposals, Hu said, and such efforts were highly valued and readily bolstered by the Chinese side. China is also obliged and ready to assist Uzbekistan in the hosting of the SCO summit next year, Hu said.     Karimov, on his part, said the development of bilateral relations is not only conducive to the two countries, but is also of great significance to maintaining peace and stability in the Central Asian region.     He said China is a most reliable and trust-worthy friend of Uzbekistan. Since the heads of state of the two countries met in Yekaterinburg in Russia earlier this year, bilateral practical cooperation have made substantial progress and entered a new era of development, and bilateral trade has grown rapidly, with a broad prospect of cooperation in the areas of natural gas, mining and cotton.     Karimov said, in response to the worsening of the international financial crisis, the Chinese government has adopted a series of effective measures to resolve the difficulties faced by China's economy and played an important role in promoting the growth of the world economy.     He said, against the backdrop of profound and complicated changes in today's world, Uzbekistan is ready to strengthen cooperation with China in various fields. He emphasized that Uzbekistan will adhere to the one-China policy and firmly support China's strike against the "three evil forces", "Taiwan independence" and "Tibet independence".     Karimov appreciated the major and active role that China has played in handling major international issues. He thanked China for its support to Uzbekistan in becoming the chair nation of the SCO.     He said Uzbekistan is ready to work with China to host a successful SCO summit in its capital of Teshkent next year.     Hu arrived in Ashgabat Sunday morning and will leave for home Monday.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States would work together for positive results at the Copenhagen summit slated for December this year, Chinese President Hu Jintao said here on Tuesday.     "President Obama and I agreed to expand the China-U.S. cooperation in the fields of climate change, energy and environment," Hu told the press after talks with visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     China and the United States would cooperate with all sides concerned, on the basis of the "common but differentiated responsibilities" principle and their respective capabilities, to help produce positive results at the Copenhagen summit on climate change, said Hu.     China and the United States have signed documents of cooperation including a memorandum of understanding on enhancing cooperation on climate change, energy and the environment, and have officially launched an initiative on a joint research center on clean energy, he added.

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Obama arrives in Beijing to continue China visitObama visits Great Wall, "inspired by its majesty"World needs China-U.S. cooperationWen: China disagrees to so-called G2, calling for effort to fight protectionismChinese premier hopes Obama's visit to lift China-U.S. cooperation to new levelChinese PM to meet US President ObamaHu meets with Obama, makes 5 proposals for Sino-U.S. relations英语新闻:China, U.S. issue joint statement" href="/englishnews/nation/2009-11-17/94702.html" target="_blank">China, U.S. issue joint statementHu, Obama meet pressHu holds official talks with Obama on bilateral tiesHu hosts welcome ceremony for U.S. President ObamaChinese President Hu Jintao to meet ObamaObama arrives in Beijing to continue China visitChinese children break down cultural barriers to foreign friendshipObama upbeat about Sino-U.S. ties, pins hope on younger generationClean energy most beneficiary area for U.S.-China cooperation: U.S. officialObama holds dialogue with Chinese youthsObama welcomes China as a "strong, prosperous and successful" nationObama: U.S. has positive, constructive, comprehensive relationship with ChinaObama reiterates one-China policy, pleased to see improving cross-strait tiesObama says economic recovery, climate change top his agenda with Chinese President HuObama calls for closer U.S.-China co-op in tackling climate changeObama: Al-Qaida still greatest threat to U.S. securityObama says Shanghai, Chicago can cooperate on clean energyU.S. to increase students in China to 100,000Obama arrives in China for state visitShanghai Party chief meets U.S. President ObamaObama calls for diversity of cultures in worldU.S. President Obama arrives in China for state visit Commentary: China, U.S. sail in one boat amid global tidesObama to meet Shanghai officials, Chinese youths before heading for BeijingObama's exchange with Chinese youth to be broadcast live online

BEIJING, Jan. 3 (Xinhua) -- China's Central Meteorological Station (CMS) on Sunday evening issued the third orange alert since the first one on Saturday, extending the warning against a strong cold wave and strong wind.     Temperature was expected to fall by 14 to 18 degrees Celsius from Sunday night to Tuesday in central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Shaanxi Province and the western parts in regions along the Yellow and Huaile rivers, or 16 to 18 degrees Celsius in some of these regions, according to the CMS. Soldiers of the Armed Police Force clean the snow on the street in Beijing, China, Jan. 3, 2010.The country's north and central areas, including eastern parts of the northwest China, north China, Guizhou Province, Chongqing, and some regions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, would suffer a temperature plunge by 8 to 12 degrees Celsius, said the CMS.     From Tuesday to Wednesday morning, temperature in the northern parts of north China was forecasted to slump to minus 20 to 32 degrees Celsius, and the central and south regions in north China and areas long the Yellow and Huaihe rivers would drop to minus 10 to 18 degrees Celsius. Tourists pay a visit to the Ancient Cultural Street in snow, in Tianjin, north China, Jan. 3, 2010. A heavy snowfall hit Tianjin on Saturday night. The local observatory has issued orange warning signal of heavy snowThe CMS issued the first orange alert against cold wave on Saturday, and the second one on Sunday morning.     During the three-day New Year's Day holiday, a total of 15 highways and some sections of three national highways in eight provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia were closed due to the heavy snow brought by the cold snap, according to the Ministry of Transport. Pedestrians walk in the street during a snowfall in Shijiazhuang, capital city of north China's Hebei Province, Jan. 3, 2010