船舶协同设计模型分析及应用

民事诉讼契约的性质及效力研究

BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- Canvassers for China's economic census must ensure the validity and credibility of the results to give decision makers better insight into the economy, Vice Premier Li Keqiang said on Sunday.     The census is vital as it provides a frame of reference for the government to maintain stable, rapid economic growth as the financial crisis deepens, Li said during visits to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and a census data collection site here.     "The global financial crisis has not bottomed out but has further hit the world economy, and its adverse impact on China is gradually unfolding," said Li.     He urged census-takers to strive for quality and timeliness in their data. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd R Front) talks with a woman during his visit to China Power Investment Corporation in Beijing, capital of China, on Jan. 4, 2009. Li Keqiang on Sunday visited the State Bureau of Statistics and China Power Investment Corporation in Beijing for the second national economic census.     China started its second national economic census in October and is expected to publish the results at the end of this year. Workers have finished preparations and begun to collect and analyze the data.     The NBS started the census in 2004, and it is conducted every five years. The current census will help form the basis of the social and economic development blueprint for the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015).     Statisticians around the nation will survey all enterprises from the secondary and tertiary sectors, including smaller ones that were omitted from earlier annual statistics.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and U.S. president-elect Barack Obama Saturday discussed in a telephone conversation relations between China and the United States and major international issues of common concern, including the ongoing global financial crisis.     In the telephone conversation, Hu expressed appreciation to Obama for emphasizing in his election campaign speeches the great importance of China-U.S. relations, and for advocating the strengthening of China-U.S. cooperation in jointly responding to global challenges and in sharing global development opportunities.     Hu pointed out that since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries 30 years ago, bilateral relations have generally kept developing despite setbacks, scoring hard-earned achievements and bringing about tangible interests to both nations.     As the largest developing nation and the largest developed nation, China and the United States share extensive common interests on issues related to world peace and development, and both assume important responsibility in this regard, Hu said.     In the new historical period of time, China is willing to maintain high-level exchange with the United States and also contacts at all levels, continue strategic dialogue with the United States, increase exchange and cooperation between the two countries in all fields, and strengthen the exchange of opinion and coordination with the United States on major international and regional issues, the Chinese president noted.     China and the United States should respect each other and accommodate each other's concerns, and appropriately settle sensitive issues between the two countries, particularly the Taiwan issue, in order to promote the China-U.S. relations of constructive cooperation to a higher level, he said.     Speaking on the same occasion, Obama said that China is a great nation and that China's development and success meet U.S. interests.     On today's international arena, U.S.-China relations are relations of vital importance. The development of U.S.-China relations is not only in the interest of both nations, but also benefits the world, Obama said.     Saying that U.S.-China relations face many development opportunities, Obama expressed the hope that the United States and China will strengthen cooperation, and promote greater development of bilateral relations, to bring benefits to both nations.     The United States hopes to strengthen consultation and coordination with China on security, climate change and regional hotspot issues, to promote settlement of the relevant issues.     Hu pointed out that the current global financial crisis has seriously impacted economic development and people's livelihood in all countries around the world. The international community should increase confidence, strengthen coordination and have close cooperation, in effectively dealing with this global challenge.     A world economic summit will be held in Washington on Nov. 15, and China attaches great importance to it. China is willing to discuss with other participants in the summit how to adopt powerful measures to reestablish market confidence as early as possible, how to prevent the global financial crisis from proliferation and spreading, and how to diminish its impact on real economies, in a bid to avert a possible global economic recession, Hu said.     The global financial crisis has led to the exposure of many deep-hidden drawbacks of the global financial system.     The international community should earnestly sum up the lessons from the global financial crisis and launch necessary reforms of the global financial system, on the basis of sufficient consultation among all interested parties, Hu said.     In particular, efforts should be made to explore in an in-depth way solution of such major questions as how to strengthen international financial supervision and regulation, how to improve the system of international financial organizations and how to improve the international monetary system, the Chinese president said.     Obama said that settlement of the global financial crisis requires close cooperation by governments of all countries, expressing the hope that the United States and China will strengthen cooperation at the world economic summit planned for November 15 in Washington.

LIMA, Nov. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said Sunday that China and Russia should strengthen strategic coordination at a time when the global political and economic structures are undergoing the most profound changes since the end of the Cold War.     Hu made the remarks at a meeting with his Russian counterpart Dmitry Medvedev on the sidelines of the 16th Economic Leaders' Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in Lima, Peru.     China and Russia should make concerted efforts to overcome the impact of the ongoing global financial crisis, maintain the sound momentum of their economic growth, and push ahead with reforms of the international financial system, the Chinese president said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) shakes hands with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev during their meeting in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 23, 2008.    Hu also called for efforts to earnestly carry out the outline on implementing the Sino-Russian Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation.     The two nations should enhance consultation on strategic security, and conduct timely exchanges of views on major international and regional issues and coordinate their positions, Hu said.     On issues related to their core interests, China and Russia should continue to strengthen mutual support and coordination, he added.     Efforts should also be made to combine the development of the Sino-Russian strategic cooperative partnership with market-oriented policies, so as to further promote their pragmatic cooperation in various fields, he said.     As for the Six-Party Talks on the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, Hu urged relevant parties to continue to strengthen coordination and cooperation, push forward the talks and strive for the gradual establishment of a mechanism for peace and security in Northeast Asia.     He expressed China's support for Russia's role as an initiator in the establishment of the mechanism, adding that the two countries should also enhance coordination in promoting regional economic cooperation.     Medvedev said the two countries should strengthen strategic consultation on issues relating to peace and security across the world and in the Asia-Pacific region.     Russia is willing to strengthen consultation and cooperation with China in jointly coping with the global financial crisis, the Russian president said.     The financial departments of the two countries could hold a meeting at an appropriate time to discuss how to implement the results of the financial summit of the G20 held a week ago in Washington and those of the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, he said.     On the Six-Party Talks, the Russian president said relevant parties should properly handle their differences and make efforts to push forward the talks and promote peace and security in Northeast Asia.

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 BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- Major Chinese lenders are expanding a preferential policy on house loan interests to cut the burden of the country's home buyers hit by the spreading financial crisis.     For individuals who bought houses on mortgage lending before Oct. 27, 2008 and have not paid off the loans, their credit interest rates could be reduced to 70 percent of the benchmark rate from the previous 85 percent, customer service staff of several banks told Xinhua on Sunday.     The discount will be available for Beijing, Shanghai and Qingdao clients of the China Construction Bank after their applications go through default record checks.     The Bank of China branch in Shanghai is also providing the preference but the Beijing branch keeps the rate unchanged.     The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the country's largest lender, and the Agricultural Bank of China are also making specific rules for similar rate discounts.     China's central bank announced in October it would reduce the lower limit of interest rates on individual house loans to 70 percent of the benchmark credit rate from 85 percent, starting from Oct. 27 last year.     The move was viewed as a stimulus to the flagging property market but it has been unclear whether house mortgage deals before that date can enjoy the favor.     Under the rate discount, home buyers with a 500,000-yuan (73,500 U.S. dollars) bank loan to be paid off within 20 years can save nearly 60,000 yuan of interest, analysts estimate.

BRUSSELS, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- China and the European Union (EU) on Friday vowed to further enhance their partnership and deepen cooperation in various fields.     In a joint declaration issued after Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's visit to Brussels, the two sides emphasized the importance of the strategic partnership in face of globalization and the current volatile international situation.     The document says that the China-EU relationship has gone beyond the bilateral domain and is increasingly of global strategic significance. "Both sides are of the view that it is imperative to further improve the China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership, which reflects the common wishes of the two sides and are in their interests," says the declaration. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with Prime Minister of the Czech Republic Mirek Topolanek, whose country currently holds the rotating European Union presidency, at EU headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, Jan. 30, 2009.They vowed to enhance mutual understanding through dialogues, properly address differences, expand and deepen cooperation in various fields on the basis of equality, mutual trust and respect.     China and the EU also agreed to take positive steps to enhance coordination on macro-economic policies in order to overcome the financial crisis and to promote liberalization of trade and investment. Both sides emphasized that an open, free and fair trade and investment environment and the creation of business opportunities are important means to tackle the financial and economic crises. In this context, China and the EU are looking forward to the next high-level forum on economics and trade, which is expected to be held in April 2009. They expressed the hope that the dialogue can further promote trade and economic links.     China and the EU also committed themselves to global challenges such as climate change, energy supply and food security. They vowed to push for positive results at the UN climate change conference in Copenhagen, Denmark, in December 2009. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao speaks at a joint press conference with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso held after their talks at European Union headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, Jan. 30, 2009. They agreed to strengthen cooperation in crisis management, to help implement the UN's Millennium Development Goals and to promote sustainable development across the world.     China and the EU promised to enhance coordination and cooperation on international and regional issues, to promote the UN's prominent role in dealing with international affairs and advocate the resolution of disputes through dialogue, says the document. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) speaks as European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso listens at the joint press conference held after their talks at European Union headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, Jan. 30, 2009. The declaration says the leaders recalled the path of development of China-EU relations and were happy with the achievements of bilateral cooperation. China-EU relations have not only promoted development in the two regions, but also made important contributions to world peace and prosperity, says the declaration.     During his visit to the EU headquarters, the second after his first trip to Brussels in 2004, Wen held talks with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso and met EU foreign and security policy chief Javier Solana. He also had a luncheon with EU leaders, including Czech Prime Minister Mirek Topolanek, whose country holds the current EU presidency.     The two sides announced that a China-EU summit will be held as soon as possible. The summit, which was originally scheduled for December last year, was postponed after French President Nicolas Sarkozy, whose country at that time held the rotating EU presidency, met the ** Lama, who is regarded as a separatist by China.     China and the EU also signed nine agreements, covering health, customs, education, intellectual property rights, environment and civil aviation.

NEW YORK, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)on Monday kicked off its trading session with a special ceremony marking the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States.     In a symbolic move, Stephen A. Orlins, president of the U.S. National Committee on U.S.-China Relations (NCUSCR), rang the market's Opening Bell. He was accompanied by Dr. Henry Kissinger, a key trailblazer and eyewitness for the normalization of U.S.- China relations.     The two countries formally established their diplomatic ties on Jan. 1, 1979.     Zhang Yesui, China's UN permanent representative, said the bilateral relations of China and United States is of great importance, not only to the two peoples, but also to the world peace and security, and the global economic development.     Dr. Kissinger, who visited China in 1971, said he is optimistic about the future of the bilateral relations of China and United States. "It is now a pillar of the international order. And peace and prosperity of the world depend closely on the Sino-U.S. relations," he said.     Talking on areas of further co-operation between the two countries, Dr. Kissinger said first of all China and United States should develop a common solution on how to overcome the current international financial and economic crisis, and develop a program of collaboration to tackle the issue.     And "on the key problems that exist in the world -- proliferation, energy, climate change, environment -- China and United States can be a key to a solution of these problems," he said, "So the strategic dialogues between China and United States should not only continue, but be reinforced and strengthened."     NCUSCR President Orlins called the NYSE celebrating ceremony "a real testimony, not only to the historical events, but also to how far we have come."     "When we established diplomatic relations exactly 30 years ago on January 1st, we could not have imagined that we would have Chinese companies listed on the NYSE, whose market capital is in excess of 800 billion U.S. dollars," Orlins said, "It is just remarkable."     Currently, there are 41 companies from Chinese mainland listed with NYSE, the premier U.S. listing venue for non-U.S. companies.     Duncan L. Niederauer, CEO of NYSE Euronext, told Xinhua that he has taken the relations with China as one of his most important initiatives during his years as chief executive. He also suggestedthe Chinese companies to "stay the course" and stick to the good business when dealing with the global financial crisis and economic downturn.     "There is always years like this in global markets where it is a very very tough ride. I think there are a lot of terrific companies in China. They either already listed or are in the queueto be listed, and we're gonna continue to support them through the ups and downs," Niederauer said, "I believe their fortunes will improve overtime and we just need a long-term outlook of it."     NYSE was the first foreign exchange to receive approval to open a representative office in China. After the opening of its Beijing office on Dec. 11, 2007, NYSE has signed memorandums of understanding with China's Dalian Commodity Exchange and Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange in co-operations in the futures and options markets.     Among the guests to the Monday ceremony were Peng Keyu, Chinese consul-general in New York, and Jan Berris, vice president of the NCUSCR. 

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BEIJING, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) -- Strengthening relations between China and the European Union (EU) will contribute to the world peace, stability and prosperity amid complicated international situations, Chinese President Hu Jintao said here on Thursday.     The significance of Sino-EU relations has surpassed the bilateral level and is of more and more international significance, Hu said during his meeting with European Commission President Jose Manuel Durao Barroso, who is here to attend the seventh Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) to be held on Friday and Saturday. Chinese President Hu Jintao met on Thursday afternoon with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso who is in Beijing to attend the seventh Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) to be held on Oct. 24 to 25    Hu confirmed that China is willing to work with EU to push forward their comprehensive strategic partnership.     The president proposed to consolidate Sino-EU political base under the principle of strengthening strategic mutual trust, to promote concrete cooperation in various sectors in a reciprocal and win-win principle, and to properly tackle concerns and divergent opinions based on mutual respect and equal consultation.     Hu pledged that China is willing to reinforce communication and coordination with EU, jointly deal with the current financial crisis and maintain the stability of the global financial market.     Barroso said during the meeting that the current financial, grain and energy crises, as well as climate change, poverty and terrorist threat require worldwide actions.     He said EU appreciates China's responsible attitude in responding to the financial crisis and hopes to deepen cooperation with China. He said EU-Chinese relations are strategic, strong and mature.

BEIJING, Oct. 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Tuesday spoke over phone with his U.S. counterpart George W. Bush about international cooperation to cope with the ongoing global financial turmoil.     The leaders exchanged ideas about the planned international financial summits and strengthening international cooperation to stabilize the financial markets.     Bush said the United States hopes to make joint efforts with the international community to seek measures to overcome the crisis and maintain the stability of the world economy.     Hu, for his part, said China has noted the efforts made by the U.S. government to stabilize the domestic financial market. He expressed hope that the measures would take effect as soon as possible, restore investor confidence and prevent further expansion of the crisis.     The measures are conducive to the stability of the world economy and financial markets, Hu said.     The Chinese government has taken a series of important measures to tackle the financial crisis and maintain the stability of financial and capital markets, as well as ensure steady economic growth, he added.     The government of China will continue to assume a responsible attitude toward the Chinese people and people of other countries, and to work closely with the international community to maintain the stability of the global economy and financial markets, President Hu said.

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BEIJING, Jan. 6 (Xinhua) -- China's rural areas have the biggest potential in boosting domestic demand, said Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan during visits to the countryside concluded on Tuesday.     China should "especially place priority on tapping the rural market and developing the countryside" when spreading global financial crisis blunted the country's economic growth, said Wang.     He made the remarks when visiting towns, rural stores and farmers in central China's Henan Province on Monday and Tuesday.     More chain stores should be set up in the countryside to facilitate rural consumption, Wang said.     He also urged local officials to well implement policies to subsidize farmers' purchase of home appliances.     Financial institutions should develop more services targeting the need of farmers and rural enterprises, he said.     In its latest effort to boost rural consumption, China has decided to roll out a 13-percent subsidy nationwide for farmers who buy home appliances, starting from Feb. 1.     China has announced a 4 trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) fiscal package to stimulate domestic demand.

BEIJING, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- The pursuit of harmony is a basic value and the fundamental spirit of Chinese culture, State Councilor Liu Yandong told representatives of the 2008 Beijing Forum on Friday.     More than 300 scholars from more than 40 countries participated in the forum, with the theme "The Harmony of Civilization and Prosperity for All-The Universal Value and the Development Trend of Civilization."     Liu congratulated the forum, saying its theme was highly significant.     She said the concept of harmony had become a key criterion in many types of relations: among peoples, between individuals and society, among nationalities and states, among cultures and between humans and nature.     "It is especially important for academic and educational institutions to promote multinational cultural communication under globalization," said Liu.     Co-sponsored by Peking University, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education and the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies, the Beijing Forum 2008 -- the fifth such annual meeting -- convened on Nov. 7. The forum will focus on the environment, the Olympic spirit and the global financial crisis.