看地沟油产业的营销经

工程档案管理打印

BEIJING, Feb. 6 -- The Chinese government is looking at ways to protect consumer rights and develop common standards in the burgeoning pre-paid card industry.The popularity of the cards has flourished in recent years in major cities such as Shanghai and Beijing. In 2007, just four companies in Beijing issued them. Now more than 300 have been registered in the city with the People's Bank of China (PBOC).Complaints have also risen. In Shanghai, where the cards are used most, 4,800 people complained between January and November last year compared with 4,049 during the whole of 2008.Most complaints were about the cards' expiry, as money left on them is kept by some companies."I feel my money on the pre-paid card is very risky since I have to pay close attention to when it expires and try to spend all of it before that date or I will lose it. It's unfair to limit the time available to spend my own money," said Liu Xiaodan, a 26-year-old salesman.It's estimated that the total volume of money left on pre-paid cards after they expire is more than 100 million yuan in Shanghai. The figure for Beijing is not available.The PBOC will launch a series of supervisory regulations this year to oversee the operation of pre-paid card companies, said Zhang Wei, a financial industry analyst. "One of the most important aspects is the management of any money left on the card after it expires. Any investment of money on the cards either before or after they expire must be at zero risk."Fang Xinghai, the head of Shanghai Finance Office, said his organization worked closely with the PBOC to keep an eye on pre-paid card companies."We suggest that special accounts should be opened with the bank where the money on the cards is held to ensure it is safe," he said."If that happens, even if the company goes bust, the money will still be fixed in the account and the cardholders' rights will be protected."Warnings about the risks involved in using pre-paid cards are displayed on the Beijing Administration for Industry and Commerce's website. Complaints about the cards tend to reach their peak during the Spring Festival, when many people buy them as gifts for friends and relatives.The first pre-paid card arrived in Beijing in 2002. Customers can deposit between 100 and 200,000 yuan on them for use at participating shops, restaurants and gyms.Some companies issue them to their employees as an extra benefit.Their popularity took off because they save the inconvenience of carrying money around and enable people to control spending, especially useful if they are given to children or housekeepers.However, the companies behind them are currently regarded as unspecified financial institutions by the PBOC and, as such, are not strictly regulated. That means people have few rights if the company goes bankrupt. They will no longer be able to use the cards, no matter how much money is on them, and will have difficulty reclaiming their cash.Cheng Xi, a 28-year-old engineer, said: "I received the pre-paid card as a gift but I would not buy one myself because I'm not familiar with the pre-paid card company and, if it goes bankrupt, my money would disappear."No matter how distinguished and reputable the company behind a card is, its most important challenge is to win clients' trust."Having a standard trademark like China UnionPay, which has a good reputation for reliability, is necessary for a company to distinguish it from those with a bad reputation. The company that wins the trust of most clients will be the biggest winner," said Clark Lin, a financial analyst at Thomson Reuters.Fu Dingsheng, a civil and business law expert at East China University of Political Science and Law, said: "Part of the pre-paid card company's capital should be classified as a guarantee deposit when the issuers register their companies. In that way consumers' rights can be met to some extent when a dispute occurs."Even though the prepaid card sector is an emerging industry with little or no supervision, the government is speeding up its oversight of the sector."PBOC is playing a leading role in the supervision of the industry. We regard this as an important task to complete in order to protect consumers' rights to the greatest extent," said Fang from Shanghai Finance Office.

BEIJING, March 14 (Xinhua) -- The amendment to the Electoral Law adopted by the National People's Congress (NPC), China's parliament, marked an important step to improve the people's congress system and advance socialist democracy, the People's Daily said in an editorial to be published Monday.The NPC concluded its annual session here Sunday after adopting an amendment to the Electoral Law, which grants equal representation in legislative bodies to rural and urban people.The amendment could better demonstrate equality among people, regions and ethnic groups, and promote social harmony, the editorial said.The editorial also spoke highly of the NPC session as an important meeting in the crucial era for China to deal with the global financial crisis, maintain steady and relatively fast economic development, and accelerate transformation of the economic growth mode.The NPC endorsed the government work report delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao, which highlights scientific development, transformation of the economic growth mode, innovation and improvement of people's livelihood, the editorial said.The editorial hailed the achievements of the NPC Standing Committee in 2009 and called for the NPC to make intensified efforts in legislation and supervision work and keep in closer contact with the people in 2010, the last year for the implementation of the country's 11th five-year plan (2006-2010).

SHANGHAI, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin Friday asked Shanghai, the economic center of the country, to upgrade its growth pattern through technology innovation and environmental protection.In a working tour in Shanghai, Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said the city should use the upcoming World Expo as a "historical chance" to readjust its growth model and strive for stable and relatively fast economic growth. Jia Qinglin (front), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, inspects the control center of Yangtze River Bridge-tunnel in Shanghai municipality of east China, Jan. 22, 2010The city on Thursday held the 100-day countdown for the six-month-long mega event.Jia stressed the importance of industrial upgrading, brand marketing, research and development during visits to a shipbuilding factory of the China State Shipbuilding Corporation and the Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Co. Ltd.. Jia Qinglin (front L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, inspects Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Corp., in Shanghai municipality of east China, Jan. 22, 2010.

喀什验孕纸俩杠

BEIJING, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- Following several reports of melamine-tainted milk products resurfacing, Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Tuesday vowed a new nationwide campaign in 2010 to ensure food safety."Food is essential, and safety should be a top priority for food. Food safety is closely related to people's life and health and economic development and social harmony," Li said at the first plenary meeting of the recently-established food safety commission under the State Council.According to Li, this year's campaign will focus on the prominent issues of food additives, edible farm products, food production processing, food circulation and import and export, livestock slaughter, the catering industry and health supplements industry, among others."We should understand the foundation for the country's food safety is still weak and the situation is grave," Li said. "We should fully realize that it is a pressing issue to ensure food safety." Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(C) attends the first plenary session of the food safety commission in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 9, 2010Media reports said melamine-tainted dairy products have resurfaced in several Chinese provinces, proof that the toxic milk powder recalled in 2008 was not destroyed and has been used.Melamine is an industrial compound which can give a false positive on protein tests and cause kidney stones. Melamine-contaminated milk products killed at least six children in 2008 and sickened 300,000.Li stressed responsibility of food producers and vendors while calling on various government departments to strengthen supervision and guidance of these companies.He urged improvement in food safety standards and the food system production check-ups, risk evaluation, accident prevention and emergency response.Li vowed to "thoroughly" investigate the latest milk scandal, destroy all tainted products and severely punish those responsible.Two managers from a dairy company and a milk powder dealer in northwestern Shaanxi Province were arrested on charges of manufacturing and selling food that does not meet hygiene standards, local police said earlier this month.Li urged the strengthening of law enforcement by increasing the frequency of inspection and expanding the supervision to clear up potential troubles and ensure people spend a happy and peaceful Lunar New Year, which falls on Feb. 14 this year.

BERN, Switzerland, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang met Swiss President Doris Leuthard here on Tuesday and both sides voiced their opposition against trade protectionism amid the ongoing global financial crisis.Li, who arrived in Switzerland on Monday for a four-day visit, said the creation of a free trade area between the two countries is under discussion and serves as a concrete action for both sides to combat trade protectionism."Both sides should push the feasibility study on a free trade area forward, and be well prepared to start negotiations in 2010," Li said.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(4th L) attends the joint press conference with President of the Swiss Confederation Doris Leuthard(4th R) in Bern, capital of Switzerland, on Jan. 26, 2010. Li Keqiang arrived in Zurich on Monday, kicking off his formal visit to SwitzerlandThe creation of the free trade area is of great significance to bilateral ties and will be conducive to further promotion of bilateral trade and investment cooperation, the Chinese leader said.He noted that the year 2010 marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries, saying Switzerland was one of the earliest West European countries that recognized the People's Republic of China.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(R) shakes hands with President of the Swiss Confederation Doris Leuthard before their meeting in Bern, capital of Switzerland, on Jan. 26, 2010. Bilateral ties have been developing in an all-round way since the two sides established diplomatic relations 60 years ago, Li said.He said China attaches great importance to its ties with Switzerland and is ready to join hands with the European country to seek a long-term, healthy and stable development of bilateral ties."We should stick to the principle of sincerity, mutual trust and friendly consultation, and seek common ground while reserving differences, in order to cement the political basis of bilateral ties," Li said.For her part, Leuthard said Switzerland opposes any form of trade protectionism and expects more Chinese companies to invest in the country, as well as more cooperation between the two countries in such fields as technology and finance.Switzerland treats the Switzerland-China ties from a long-term perspective and highly values its cooperation with China, she said.She hoped that both sides could step up efforts on the feasibility study on a free trade area so as to draw a good result to open a new chapter of bilateral economic and trade ties.Leuthard said she will visit China this year and attend the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.The Swiss leader also reaffirmed that her country will firmly stick to the one-China policy.During his stay, Li will also address the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos on Thursday and hold talks with WEF President Klaus Shwab. 

MUNICh, Germany, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Speaking highly of the deepening China-Europe relations over the past decades, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi on Friday told the Munich Security Conference that a brighter future of bilateral ties calls on both sides to embrace an open and inclusive spirit.With this year marking the 35th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and the European Union, the Chinese top diplomat said China and the EU have established "a comprehensive strategic partnership that is all-dimensional, wide-ranging and multi-tiered" and the changing world "has brought China-EU relations to a new historical starting point.""To achieve a brighter future (of China-EU relations), we must manage our relations from a strategic and long-term perspective," Yang said. "We must respect each other, treat each other as equals, and accommodate each other's core interests and major concerns."He also expressed the hope that Europe will see China "in a more objective and sensible light" and recognize that China's development is not a challenge but an opportunity."We do not expect China and Europe to see eye to eye on each and every issue, and we need not be afraid of our differences," he added."As long as we both embrace an open and inclusive spirit, we will have more consensus than differences and more mutual benefits than frictions, and cooperation will be the defining theme of China-EU relations," Yang said.As to the host country of the security conference, Yang said " China-Germany ties have maintained dynamic growth.""In the face of the complex international situation and various grave challenges, China and Germany must bear in mind the larger and long-term interests and further enhance mutual trust and cooperation," he said, adding that China is ready to join Germany "in a common effort to elevate our partnership of global responsibility to a higher level."It was the first appearance of a Chinese foreign minister in the Munich Security Conference's 46-year history.

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ULAN BATOR, Feb. 1 (Xinhua) -- Aid materials provided by the Chinese government arrived on Monday to help Mongolians cope with the worst snowstorms the country has ever seen in three decades.The aid, worth 10 million yuan (1.46 million U.S. dollars), includes food, portable power generators and quilts.At a handover ceremony at the airport, Enkhbold Miyegombo, deputy prime minister of Mongolia and head of the State Emergency Commission, said the timely support was an embodiment of brotherhood between China and Mongolia.Chinese Ambassador Yu Hongyao said he was confident that Mongolians would overcome the disaster with the leadership of the Mongolian government.The Red Cross Society of China has also announced a donation of 30,000 dollars to Mongolia, Yu said.Snowstorms across Mongolia have left over 1.5 million head of cattle dead, dealing a heavy blow to the country's farming industry.

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BEIJING, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- China's Education Ministry has asked school authorities to help students ward off influence of pornography on Internet or mobile WAP sites through educational campaigns.The ministry also encouraged students in primary and secondary schools to report Internet links and mobile WAP sites that contain "negative information", especially obscene content.Local education departments and schools should carry out educational activities tailored to different age groups, guide them to "properly handle cyber world", and enhance their understanding of the negative effect of porn websites, online violence and lewd information, the ministry said in a notice on its website.The move was the ministry's latest effort to echo the government's endeavor to crack down on pornography on Internet websites and mobile WAP sites.The ministries of public security and industry and information technology initiated a campaign in August last year to eradicate lewd contents from the Internet.Students should be taught not to make or spread lewd content online; not to enter profitable Internet cafes; not to access websites with "lewd" content; not to play lewd cyber games, the notice said.They were also advised not to use offensive and obscene languages and be careful in making friends on Internet."Lewd" content includes violence, libel, private and other information that violates standards of public decency.Public distribution of pornography is illegal in China, and the government last year began to stamp out WAP porn links to shield young people from online porn.The Ministry of Education also required schools to make regular examinations on school websites and install filter software to students' computers.Teachers should enhance communication with students and give counseling to those who incline to be obsessed in the cyber world, the notice stressed.The notice also advocates school authorities and parents to join hands in helping children establish good Internet ethics."Parents should not leave students alone to use Internet and spend more time to communicate with them." read the notice.China has more than 338 million Internet users, and more than 60 percent are younger than 30, according to the China Internet Network Information Center.

BEIJING, March 12 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Friday a stronger yuan offers no help for solving the Sino-U.S. trade imbalance problem, and China opposes politicizing yuan's appreciation.Su Ning, vice governor of the People's Bank of China, made the comments a day after U.S. President Barack Obama told the U.S. Export-Import Bank's annual conference that a more market-oriented exchange rate of yuan will make an essential contribution to global rebalancing efforts."We do not think a country should rely others to solve its own problems," Su, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, said on the sidelines of the top political advisory body's annual session.The U.S. Department of Commerce said on March 11 that the U.S. trade deficit with China increased to 18.3 billion U.S. dollars in January from 18.14 billion U.S. dollars in December. The increase renewed the U.S. call for a stronger yuan as it claimed the current exchange rate gives Chinese goods unfair price advantages.Su said although yuan has gained more than 20 percent since it depegged the U.S. dollars in June 2005, China's trade surplus tripled from 100 billion U.S. dollars in 2004 to nearly 300 billion U.S. dollars in 2008.In addition, he argued, a weaker U.S. dollar does not help cut the U.S. deficit. As the U.S. dollar depreciated by 3 percent annually in average between 2002 and 2008, its deficit soared from 500 billion U.S. dollars to 900 billion U.S. dollars, Su said.Tan Yaling, a financial researcher with Peking University, said as nations have different roles in international trade and differ in resources, what they produce, consume and want can be very different."It is unfair that the United States, on the one hand, consumes cheap Chinese goods, while on the other hand, it blames the low prices for causing their domestic job losses," she said.The Obama administration's continuous calls for a stronger yuan is actually aimed at diverting attentions from its domestic woes, experts said.To grapple with high unemployment rate and uncertain recovery prospects, Obama has to do something on job promotion to secure victory in the mid-term election in November this year, said Chen Zhiwu, a financial professor with Yale University.To curb soaring unemployment and boost growth, Obama has announced a special task force on a mission of doubling the U.S. exports in five years, as he said the U.S. can not "stand on the sidelines," as other countries are busy negotiating trade deals.Cheng Enfu, a deputy to the National People' s Congress (NPC), China' s top legislature, said the consistent pressure from the United States is simply because of its pursuit of national interests."Over-fast appreciation of yuan does no good to the global economic recovery which is still fragile and uncertain," he said.Zhu Yuchen, also an NPC deputy, said as China plays a leading role in global economic recovery, any drastic policy change will not only impair China's economy, but also the global recovery, which is not a responsible way.President Obama's remarks also came a month ahead of a semiannual Treasury Department report that could label China as a currency manipulator.Premier Wen Jiabao said in the government work report delivered to the NPC on March 5 that China will keep the yuan "basically stable" at an "appropriate and balanced" level.HEFTY SURPLUS, BUT SLIM PROFITSAlthough China has accumulated massive trade surplus over the past decades, that does not indicate the same profits, as more than half of China's exporters are foreign invested, lawmakers said.Figures released by the Ministry of Commerce showed 55.2 percent of China's foreign trade was completed by foreign-invested businesses last year. And 56 percent of the exports were done by foreign companies in China.Cheng Enfu said China only pockets paper-thin profits from the very end of the manufacturing chain, or processing and assembling work. However, the United States earn handsome profits from designing and distribution.According to a study by researchers of the University of California, of the 299 U.S. dollars retail value of a 30-gigabyte video iPod in the United States, 163 U.S. dollars is captured by American companies and workers, and 132 U.S. dollars go to parts makers in other Asian countries, while the final assembly, done in China, cost only about 4 U.S. dollars a unit."Even though Chinese workers contribute only about 1 percent of the value of the iPod, the export of a finished iPod to the United States directly contributes about 150 U.S. dollars to our bilateral trade deficit with the Chinese," Hal R. Varian, a professor of the University of California at Berkeley, wrote on the New York Times on June 28, 2007.Cheng Enfu noted it needs to upgrade exports product mix to fundamentally reverse China's disadvantages. That is, to export more profitable self-innovative products, rather than labor-intensive processing goods.