基于状态域的微观交通环岛仿真

四年级作文评语大全

At the end of a dusty narrow path cutting through a stretch of cornfields on the outskirts of Qingyang, an obscure town in Henan Province, looms a 3-hectare ground dotted with green tents, armored cars and bulldozers. Over the past three months, 315 Chinese engineering troops have gone through the rigors of tough day-night training here. And in a month from now, they will travel more than 8,000 km to Darfur in Sudan to be part of a special UN peacekeeping mission.Commander of UN Mission in Sudan Lieutenant General Jasbir Singh Lidder (L) hands over Unit Citations to Chinese peacekeepers for their excellent performance at the base of the Chinese peacekeeping troops on September 12, 2007. [Xinhua]The first international group of peacekeepers to be deployed in Darfur will build barracks, roads and bridges, and dig wells, which form the key to the accession of more UN peacekeepers to the region. The drills the engineering troops, with the UN's blue berets, perform in front a group of reporters from home and abroad show what they are capable of. In about 10 minutes, bulldozers and road-rollers smoothen a potholed path and soldiers use bare hands to move a 40-meter stretch of steel bridge into place over a ditch. In less than that time, another squad builds a cabin with prefabricated aluminum walls and a "UN" symbol on its side. On show, too, are impressive wrestling and battlefield aid performances."The engineering unit is manned by sturdy, versatile soldiers, mainly from the Jinan Military Area," says Lieutenant Colonel Dai Shaoan, deputy director of the Ministry of National Defense's peacekeeping affairs office. "They have wide experience in building roads and bridges and are fully competent for the mission."The Chinese troops are part of the "Annan Plan", a three-phased approach proposed by former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan to end the Darfur crisis. The plan calls for deploying a joint UN-African Union (AU) peacekeeping force in the 500,000-square-km arid Darfur region, plagued by conflicts over limited resources. Their deployment has been made possible after a hard-won diplomatic tug-of-war.Dai says the UN invited China in April to dispatch a multi-functional engineering unit to Dafur. Four months later, the world body requested that the unit be dispatched in early October."We are doing the preparatory jobs in line with the prescribed timetable to guarantee smooth implementation of the peacekeeping operation," says engineering unit head Shangguan Linhong.The force comprises three engineering platoons, a platoon each of well-diggers and 40 guards, a small hospital unit, 145 vehicles including excavators, bulldozers, road-rollers, power generators and armored personnel carriers, Shangguan says. All the vehicles are "brand new" from domestic companies and have undergone strict tests in line with UN standards.Since its formation in mid-June, the engineering unit has attended intensive courses, from emergency aid to simulating heat in Darfur and from studying UN regulations to getting to know Sudanese culture. "Everyone in our unit can communicate in English to a certain extent," Shangguan says.The UN raised the alarm on Darfur in 2003, and began looking for a lasting resolution to the ethnic conflict. The Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) was signed in May 2006, thanks to intensive diplomatic and political efforts of the UN, AU and other partners. It took more than one year after that to persuade the Sudanese authorities to accept the UN-AU "hybrid" peacekeeping force.President Hu Jintao met with his Sudanese counterpart Omar al-Bashir in Beijing last November and in Khartoum in February, and asked him to be flexible in his stance over Darfur and ensure that humanitarian aid was distributed properly among the refugees. In March, when Sudan and the UN differed over the implementation of the Annan Plan, China sent a special envoy several times to Khartoum to persuade the government to accept the UN resolution."I think the Sudanese government heeded China's advice," China's special representative for Darfur Liu Guijin said at a press conference in early July. Sudan agreed in June to have the "hybrid" force in Darfur after intense diplomatic efforts of the UN and the international community. Besides, China offered million in humanitarian aid to Sudan, with the last installment leaving Tianjin last month.The latest situation in Darfur is a mixture of good and bad. The UN says the mortality rate in the region is now below the emergency level because of the massive humanitarian efforts of the last four years. Also, malnutrition has been halved from mid-2004, when the crisis reached its peak.But in June, the UN Environment Programme reported an "unprecedented" long-term climate change in northern Darfur, saying its impacts are closely linked to the conflict.This is a real challenge for the Chinese engineering troops, but they are not unnecessarily perturbed. In fact, they are ready to overcome all obstacles on the road to peace."The challenges ahead of our peacekeeping troops are obvious," says Dai. Poor living conditions, lack of proper infrastructure and complex security situations are the obvious challenges. "But our army has a glorious tradition of being hard-working, particularly combat-worthy and of playing a contributory role."Major Ma, an officer with the engineering troops, says Chinese soldiers see the UN peacekeeping operation as a glorious opportunity. "Implementing a mission so far from the country and being part of the efforts to maintain peace in the world is a unique experience."All the soldiers in the battalion which Ma used to serve in the Jinan Military Area had applied to be part of the engineering unit for Darfur, and they included 18-year-old recruits, he says, and they had the full support of their families.But is Ma worried about the dangers in Darfur? The major says: "What we think of most is how to do a nice job. Danger and difficulties are normal for servicemen."China's peacekeepers till nowSince dispatching five military observers to the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) in 1990, China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has sent 8,095 military personnel to 17 UN peacekeeping missions. Altogether, 1,648 Chinese officers and soldiers are serving in 10 UN missions and the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations today.Lieutenant Colonel Dai Shaoan, deputy director of the Ministry of National Defense's peacekeeping affairs office, says China will participate only in those peacekeeping missions that are in line with the UN Charter, which means those operations overseen by the UN Security Council.China has contributed peacekeepers in the shape of engineers and medical and transport units. It has not sent any combat troops for peacekeeping operations.But Dai says China has a "positive" attitude towards sending combat troops for future UN peacekeeping operations.

China's State-owned Sinochem Corporation, one of the world's top 500 companies, had profits of more than eight billion yuan (US.1 billion) in 2007, up 95 percent over the previous year, the firm said on its web site.The Beijing-headquartered company didn't elaborate on these figures. Preliminary estimates showed that revenue topped 200 billion yuan, up 19 percent. Total assets exceeded 100 billion yuan. Sinochem, which began as a trading company in 1998, is involved in a range of businesses including agriculture, energy, chemicals, finance and real estate.Sinochem International, one of its subsidiaries, said last month that it would buy part of the business of Monsanto Company, a US-based agricultural company.Under the terms of the agreement, Sinochem will purchase the assets related to Monsanto's pesticide business and certain other assets in China's Taiwan Province and countries including the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

UNITED NATIONS -- China's special representative for climate change talks, Yu Qingtai, urged the international community to conduct substantive negotiations aimed at securing a new global post-2012 agreement on climate change by 2009.Speaking at the UN General Assembly debate on climate change, Yu said that the Bali roadmap, adopted at the UN climate conference last December by delegates from nearly 190 nations, is "only a beginning.""The international community must continue with the task of conducting substantive consultations and negotiations, so as to insure a final agreement on the post-2012 international cooperation on climate change within the next two years," he said.Yu emphasized that any framework for future arrangements must be firmly based on the principles established by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, particularly the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities.The four building blocks of the roadmap -- mitigation, adaptation, technology transfer and financing, are all important components for developing an effective framework for responding to climate change, and should be given equal attention, and none of them should be neglected, he noted.Urging developed countries to further strengthen policies and measures aimed at emission reduction, the special envoy said the concerns by developing countries over adaptation, technology transfer and financing should be addressed in earnest, so that they will have the capacity to make greater contributions to confronting the challenge from climate change."The effectiveness of participation by the developing countries will, to a significant extent, depend on whether the developed countries will take substantive actions on financial and technological assistance," he said. "Effective mechanisms should be set up as soon as possible to insure that measurable, reportable and verifiable assistance be provided to the developing countries with regard to financial resources, technology and capacity building," he said.China takes climate change "very seriously" and have adopted various policies and measures to respond to the challenge, with " noticeable success," he said."While making our own due contribution, we will also help other developing countries to enhance their ability to adapt to climate change," Yu added.Representatives, including some 20 ministers, from more than 100 countries and international organizations attended the two-day high-level session and exchanged views on ways to move forward the negotiating process launched in the Bali conference.

seo是优化

BEIJING - Zhang Bing grew up in remote Inner Mongolia, where his family herded sheep and raised chickens. Today he's a manager in a glittering karaoke club 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) away in a booming eastern Chinese city. Zhang, 26, is part of a huge wave of rural workers streaming into China's cities in search of work and opportunity. A UN report released Wednesday said more than half of China's population - now 1.3 billion people - will be living in urban areas within 10 years. Government officials say an estimated 150 million people moved to China's cities between 1999 and 2005, providing labor to fuel the country's breakneck economic growth. "From 1980 to 2030, the population of China will go from being 20 percent urban to almost two-thirds urban. We're in the middle of that transformation. Within the next 10 years we'll cross that halfway mark," said William Ryan, the United Nations Population Fund's information adviser for Asia and the Pacific region. The agency's State of World Population 2007 report says more than half the world's population will live in cities and towns in 2008, with the number expected to grow to 60 percent, or 5 billion people, by 2030. Asia is at the forefront of this demographic shift, expected to nearly double its urban population between 2000 and 2030, from 1.4 billion to 2.6 billion. Zhang moved to Tianjin after high school and earns about US0 (euro370) a month at the Oriental Pearl karaoke club. He saves two-thirds, and is thinking of opening a store to sell knockoff purses. He said he expects to have a wife, house and car - "an Audi, definitely" - within 10 years. Like 80 percent of migrant workers in China, Zhang is under 35 and works in the service industry, which along with construction and manufacturing employs most migrant workers. But his story, told in the UNFPA's youth supplement, is atypical. Although most workers have only a middle school education, Zhang finished high school and attended business school in Tianjin. His salary is much higher than the average worker's 500 to 800 yuan (US to 5; euro48 to euro78) a month, according to Duan Chengrong, a demographics professor at Renmin University. In comparison, a typical Beijing urbanite makes about 2,000 yuan (US0; euro193) a month. Migrant workers generally cram themselves into rented housing on the outskirts of town, with an average of five square meters (50 square feet) of living space per person and no heat, running water or sanitation facilities, Duan said. At many construction sites, the workers lodge in ramshackle dormitories, or even in tents pitched on a nearby sidewalk. China's government has taken measures to "avoid the emergence of urban slums and the transformation of rural poor to urban poor," said Hou Yan, deputy director of the social development department in China's Development and Reform Commission. She mentioned programs such as establishing a minimum living standard, providing medical and educational assistance, and supplying affordable housing and basic public services. Hou did not give details of the programs. China's urbanization is unique in that it stems largely from migration instead of natural population growth. The Communist government that took control in 1949 imposed residency rules as part of strict controls on where people could live, work or even whom they could marry. It was not until recent years that rising wealth and greater personal freedoms eroded the system, allowing farmers to move to cities. The UNFPA estimates that, in less than a decade, China will have 83 cities of more than 750,000 people. Zhang, who spoke at the news conference where the UNFPA report was released, believes cities are the future of China. Before taking the job at the karaoke club, he made money teaching Chinese to foreign students, selling phone cards and running a copy shop. "In order to get employed, what is most important is to be diligent," he said. "Only when you work hard can you get good results."

Visiting US Chief of Naval Operations Mike Mullen reaffirmed in Beijing on Tuesday that the United States will not support Taiwan independence and will adhere to the one-China policy."The United States will not support Taiwan independence or any unilateral move toward that direction on the part of Taiwan," Mullen told reporters at a press conference.As a guest of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy commander Wu Shengli, Mullen arrived in China on August 17 for a friendly visit. He delivered a speech at a Chinese naval academy and observed naval exercises from on board a Chinese warship.During the visit, Mullen also met with Chinese Defense Minister Cao Gangchuan and Guo Boxiong, vice chairmen of China's Central Military Commission.China-US relations are one of the most important bilateral relations in the world, Cao told Mullen, noting that flourishing bilateral ties will not only serve the fundamental interests of the two countries and two peoples, but will also be conducive to the peace, stability and prosperity of the region and world as well.Agreeing with Cao's view on bilateral relations, Mullen said that US-China relations are very important and the dialogue between the two nations as well as the two militaries is "critical".Mullen, who has been nominated by US President George W. Bush to become the next chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, promised to Cao that he would continue to nurture the bilateral ties no matter whether he serves in his current position or as Bush's major military adviser and leader of the US Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines, according to a press release provided by the Chinese Ministry of Defense.Mullen also expressed his hope that exchanges and cooperation in such fields as military academic education and exchange visits of warships, could be further boosted in an effort to increase mutual understanding and trust, said the press release.

BEIJING -- China will continue to spend more on education next year and spread the free nine-year compulsory education to urban children, said finance minister Xie Xuren.The government would continue to improve the funding system to guarantee free nine-year compulsory education currently enjoyed by 150 million rural children, while spreading it to their urban counterparts next year, Xie told an annual conference of the Ministry of Finance in BeijingStarting from the spring term, China would increase the funding for free textbooks used for the national compulsory courses, and the local governments would provide more money for free textbooks for local compulsory courses, he said. Local governments would also provide scholarships to cover the living costs of boarding students from poor families. The central government would provide half of the education funding for areas in Central and West China, while provincial governments in those areas would cover the rest of the costs.Local governments in East China would provide all education fees with some supplementary funding from the central government.Xie said the government would issue new standards for per capita expenditure of students in primary and middle schools, and put those standards into effect within the next two years.He said the allowance for maintenance and refurbishing of rural schools in Central and West China would also be raised with special financial support to high-altitude and cold areas.In addition, the government would continue free education for students taking courses for teaching careers at normal schools and provide scholarships for poor undergraduates and students at vocational schools.According to Xie, the first 11 months saw  557.8 billion yuan (about 74.3 billion US dollars) of fiscal expenditure used for education, up 32.7 percent compared with the same period last year.As a result of the implementation of scholarships for the poor, about four million college students and 16 million secondary vocational school students had benefited.

seo网站排名优化好么

Soaring global oil prices have led to small refiners drastically cutting down on production - forcing Sinopec to fill the void.Since the prices of refined oil products are set by the central government, the refiners - private or local-government-owned - find it unprofitable when the price of crude is as high as is now. Crude prices reached a record .80 a barrel at the New York close on Monday."Surging international crude prices are exerting mounting pressure on the local market (by discouraging small refiners). We are already running at full capacity to ensure fuel supply," Mao Jiaxiang, vice-president of Sinopec Economics & Development Research Institute, told China Daily Tuesday.Sinopec is Asia's top refiner, feeding the bulk of fuel consumption in China. But due to capacity limitations at its plants, there is a rising gap between demand and supply.Mao pointed out that fuel shortages are mainly triggered by the production drop at medium- and small-sized refiners scattered around the country, which contribute 5 to 10 percent of the country's supply.The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the top economic planner, keeps a tight lid on domestic fuel prices to fend off inflation, only allowing refiners to set prices within an 8 percent band of a government-imposed benchmark.Sinopec will have more refining capacity on stream next year, which will help ease supply pressure, Mao said.This year, it is believed Sinopec may import more oil products from abroad if necessary. The company imported 60,000 tons of gasoline in September and sold it at a lower price.Gasoline retailers raised prices by 2.92 percent in the first nine months after crude costs climbed, the NDRC said in a statement on its website on Monday.However, the NDRC said last month that energy prices will not be raised "in principle" this year after the consumer price index (CPI) hit a 10-year high of 6.5 percent in August."As global crude prices and the CPI stay at high levels, it is possible for the authorities to seek a compromise by not raising fuel prices but giving subsidies to major refiners at the end of the year," said Niu Li, an economist with the State Information Center affiliated to the NDRC.

在全球的电子制造商中，联想电脑在最新的环保评选中居榜首。AMSTERDAM, Netherlands - One of China's electronic maker has been seen by some as the greenest business in the world. Computer maker Lenovo ranked in at the top spot of environmental group Greenpeace's latest quarterly ranking of global electronics manufacturers. Once at the bottom of the list, Lenovo now leads the way in recycling industrial waste and taking steps on controlling toxic content, Greenpeace said. "Given the growing mountains of e-waste in China -- both imported and domestically generated -- it is heartening to see a Chinese company taking the lead, and assuming responsibility at least for its own branded waste," said Iza Kruszewska, Greenpeace International's toxics campaigner, adding that "the challenge for the industry now is to see who will actually place greener products on the market." Lenovo bought out IBM's personal computer division in 2004. Apple, meanwhile, was placed at the bottom of the list of 14 companies

seo排名报价

China has offered Spain a pair of pandas during the ongoing visit of King Juan Carlos, as a goodwill gesture to promote ties between the two countries, the foreign ministry said Thursday. "This is a very good gift for Spain," foreign ministry spokesman Qin Gang said. "We hope the Spanish people will love them. As envoys of the Chinese people, we hope that the gift of the pair of pandas will increase the friendly relations between the two countries and peoples." China has a long history of giving its national animal, the endangered panda, to other nations as a gesture of goodwill. Officials at the Spanish embassy in Beijing said the pandas were not a gift, but were being loaned in an arrangement financed by a private Spanish company that runs the Madrid Zoo. King Juan Carlos is currently on a visit to China. Queen Sofia is scheduled to visit the nation's panda breeding centre in southwestern China's Sichuan province on Friday, the final day of a five-day visit.

In the hall of the so-called "Tibetan government in exile" in Dharamsala, India, there is a large map of the supposed "greater Tibet area".The area covers the Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province, one-fifth of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, one-third of Gansu Province, two-thirds of Sichuan Province and one-fourth of Yunnan Province, spanning about 2.4 million sq km and nearly a quarter of China's territory.Holidaymakers take photos with digital cameras near the Potala Palace in Lhasa, the Tibet Autonomous Region. [China Daily] The ** Lama has advocated a "high degree of autonomy" for Tibet in such a geographic scope and made it a preliminary condition for any negotiation with the central government. But such an idea is totally absurd for three major reasons.First, the distribution and the layout of the Tibetan population and the administrative divisions were formed during the long process of historical development; there is no historical basis for an administrative division such as "greater Tibet area".Archaeological excavation and documentation show the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area has long been inhabited and has a diversified culture.In the Sui Dynasty (AD 581-618) and the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907), the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was an area cohabited by different ethnic groups.The regime of Tubo Kingdom (AD 629-840) coexisted with others such as the Tang Dynasty, Uighur and Nanzhao, in a territory cohabited by various ethnic groups and tribes.The headquarters and the main area of jurisdiction of the Tubo Kingdom basically constitutes the Tibet Autonomous Region today while other dependent territory is the region inhabited or cohabited by various ethnic groups.During the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), three chief military commands (three Pacification Commissioner's Offices) were established in areas with Tibetan traditions, namely U-Tsang Ngari, Amdo and Lhams, the divisions of which were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and laid the base for the administrative division of today's Tibet and other Tibetan administrative divisions.The Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) further defined the boundary between Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan. In 1731 the Qing government divided the border of the areas under the jurisdiction of the grand minister resident of Tibet and the grand minister superintendent of Xining. The administrative division of Tibet has not changed much since.Second, the so-called administrative region of "greater Tibet area" is a historical product of the invasion by imperial powers. From 1913 to 1914, the British-instigated Simla Conference was held, which brought up the concept of the so-called "greater Tibet area" - that the territory of Tibet covers part of Xinjiang to the south of Kunlun Mountains and the Anding Tower, the whole of Qinghai Province, the western areas of Gansu and Sichuan provinces, and Dajianlu and Adunzi in the northwest of Yunnan Province.When this was rejected by the representative of the Chinese government, Britain proposed again to divide the Tibetan-inhabited areas of China into inner Tibet and outer Tibet. The former referred to the small parts in Yunnan, Qinghai and Xikang, where the central government would enjoy dominion; outer Tibet included U-Tsang, Ngari and most of Xikang, which was to be governed by the Tibetans themselves.This shows that from the very beginning, the so-called "greater Tibet area" has been a separatist plot. Even the weak Northern Warlords government of China saw through the imperialist trick to split China and refused to sign the convention. How will Chinese people today allow the government to accept such an imposition?Third, there is no possibility for realization of an administrative region such as "greater Tibet area". Since the New China was founded, the central government, on the one side, has followed historical divisions, and on the other, according to the requirements of the Constitution and the Law of Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities, considered the various factors for the economic, political and cultural development of the Tibetan-inhabited areas to establish eight Tibetan autonomous prefectures, one Mongolian and Tibetan autonomous prefecture, one Tibetan and Qiang autonomous prefecture, two Tibetan autonomous counties and the Tibet Autonomous Region through full discussion of people's representatives from various regions.In the past half-century, as the administrative divisions were well set, the system of regional autonomy for ethnic minorities has been gradually improved and guaranteed the equal rights of Tibetans and other ethnic groups living in the region.It has promoted national unity and social economic development and given full support by the Tibetan people and other ethnic groups.The ** Lama, however, has been insisting on the establishment of a political entity in Tibetan-inhabited areas to build an "alliance" relationship with China, requiring all other ethnic groups to move out of the so-called "greater Tibet area" and millions of people to give up their ancestral homes.This is not only an attempt to change the current relation between the central and the local government, but also a move to implement ethnic discrimination and ethnic cleansing. We must learn from the slaughters and bloodshed caused by ethnic conflicts and disputes the world over.Then why does the ** Lama insist on this groundless and impossible concept of "greater Tibet area"? There are at least two reasons. One is that many of the Tibetan people exiled with the ** Lama in 1959 are from Tibetan areas outside the Tibet Autonomous Region. The ** Lama needs to set a common illusion of "a united, independent and free Tibet" to buy these people's support. The other reason is that the claim was designed by their foreign bosses and they, as their flunkies, dare not disobey it.The ** Lama and his followers in his "government in exile" have often expressed their recognition of the Simla Conference. Therefore, the so-called "greater Tibet area" in essence is "semi-independent" or in "disguised independence", which aims to serve the open and complete "Tibet Independence" and disunite a quarter of China's territory in future.But the ** Lama and his alike do not really understand that the political claims they make against historical development and reality to please their foreign bosses, no matter under what splendid banners, are only "medieval fantasies" that go against the time and the interests of Tibetan people as well as people of all ethnic groups in China. The Chinese government will not be fooled!