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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, March 1 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao and other top Chinese leaders joined an evening party Sunday with representatives of intellectuals in Beijing to celebrate the annual Lantern Festival.Hu and eight other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, including top legislator Wu Bangguo and Premier Wen Jiabao, attended the event featuring song-and-dance shows and rice dumplings, a traditional food for the festival. General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Hu Jintao (C) talks with delegates from the intelligentsia during a get-together marking the traditional Lantern Festival at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 28, 2010. The CPC Central Committee hosted a get-together here on Sunday to mark the Lantern Festival

ZURICH, Switzerland, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang arrived here on Monday, kicking off his formal visit to Switzerland. He will also attend this year's World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in Davos.During the past 60 years, Li said in a written statement upon arrival, the bilateral relations between China and Switzerland have enjoyed tremendous progress, with frequent top-level official exchanges, fruitful cooperation in trade and economy, deepened exchanges in various fields and smooth communication and coordination in dealing with international and regional issues.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang delivers a speech during a dinner party held by the Economiesuisse, the Swiss Business Federation, at Zurich, Switzerland on Jan. 25, 2010. Li Keqiang arrived here on Monday for a four-day official visit to Switzerland, during which he will also attend this year's World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in DavosSwitzerland recognized the People's Republic of China in 1950, becoming one of the earliest countries in western Europe to do so and to establish diplomatic ties with the new China, Li noted.The development of bilateral ties enjoys great potential and has a broad prospect, he added.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) shakes hands with Gerold Buehrer, president of Economiesuisse during a dinner party held by the Economiesuisse, the Swiss Business Federation, at Zurich on Jan. 25, 2010. Li Keqiang arrived here on Monday for a four-day official visit to Switzerland, during which he will also attend this year's World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in DavosDuring the visit, Li is scheduled to hold talks with Swiss President Doris Leuthard and WEF President Klaus Shwab, and will have a dialogue with leading figures in the business circle.The Chinese vice premier believed that his visit will help further mutual political trust, enhance the traditional friendship, elevate bilateral trade and economic cooperation to a higher level, and continue to push the ties forward.Prior to the trip, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei briefed the media that Li will exchange opinions with the Swiss authorities on bilateral relations, sum up the successful experiences of the development of bilateral ties for the past 60 years and discuss new ways on furthering the ties in order to inject new impetus into bilateral cooperation in various fields.In his planned address at the WEF annual meeting, Li will mainly brief participants about China's domestic economic situation, the Chinese government's policy, the achievement made through China's efforts to deal with the economy and society.Li will also elaborate China's stand on some global issues such as global governance and the world's joint response to climate change, and call for an all-round, sustained and balanced growth of the world's economy. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) and Gerold Buehrer, president of Economiesuisse step into the room during a dinner party held by the Economiesuisse, the Swiss Business Federation, at Zurich on Jan. 25, 2010. Li Keqiang arrived here on Monday for a four-day official visit to Switzerland, during which he will also attend this year's World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in Davos

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BEIJING, Feb. 13 (Xinhua) -- The outlook of China's steel industry will be better this year than 2009 as the impact of the stimulus package continues, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) said Saturday.A strong increase in new investment plans would help boost domestic demand for steel while improving external demand following world economic recovery would encourage steel exports, the MIIT said.The implementation of a proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy injected ample liquidity into the market and provided the steel enterprises with easy access for fund, it said.However, excess capacity, still weak external demand and rising production costs would all impose pressure on the development of the industry, the ministry said.China's crude steel production capacity was forecast at 700 million tonnes at the end of 2009, compared with 660 million tonnes at the end of 2008.In 2009, China's steel output rose 13.5 percent to 567.84 million tonnes. Its 68 large and medium sized iron and steel companies reaped 55.39 billion yuan (8.12 billion U.S. dollars) in profit in 2009, down 31.43 percent from a year earlier.

BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council, the Cabinet, said Wednesday the country would step up efforts to encourage investment from the private sector.The government would encourage private investment in sectors currently mainly state controlled such as infrastructure for transport, telecommunications and energy, public utility, scientistic and technological programs for national defense, and the building of affordable housing, according to a statement released after the Cabinet's executive meeting Wednesday chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao.The State Council called for private firms, which played an important role in creating jobs, to strengthen independent innovation and roll out more new products, according to the statement.The government would also help some private enterprises set up technology research centers.Private companies were welcome to participate in the reform of state firms by purchasing a stake in them, it said.The government said it would create a good environment for private investment by setting up a sound administrative service system and amend unfavorable laws and regulations.In an effort to combat the global financial downturn, the government agreed at the Central Economic Work Conference last December to promote private enterprises so to create jobs, to increase market access for private investment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of private investors.

BEIJING, Feb. 16 (Xinhua) -- Foreign-funded enterprises in China exported 494.4 billion U.S. dollars worth of machinery, electrical and electronic products in 2009.A document posted on the website of the General Administration of Customs (GAC) said the figure made up 69.3 percent of the country's total exports of such products in the past year.Exports of machinery, electrical and electronic products by privately-owned enterprises totalled 106.6 billion U.S. dollars in 2009, down 8.7 percent from a year earlier, according to the document.State-owned enterprises only exported 92.1 billion U.S. dollars worth of machinery, electrical and electronic products, accounting for 12.9 percent of the country's total machinery, electrical and electronic products last year.The GAC document also said the majority of the country's exports of machinery, electrical and electronic products fell into the category of processing and assembling trade.China's exports of machinery, electrical and electronic products in the category of processing and assembling trade totalled 466.4 billion U.S. dollars last year, making up 65.4 percent of the country's total exports of such products.The country exported 713.1 billion U.S. dollars worth of machinery, electrical and electronic products last year, down 13.4 percent year-on-year. The exports contributed 59.3 percent to China's total exports in 2009.The European Union (EU), the United States of America and Hong Kong were the three major destinations for the China mainland's exports of machinery, electrical and electronic products last year.China exported 1.2 trillion U.S. dollars worth of products last year, down 16 percent from 2008, replacing Germany as the world's largest exporter.

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BEIJING, March 8 (Xinhua) -- The recent number of earthquakes above 7-magnitude in 2010, though slightly more than average, was still within normal scope, said the China Earthquake Administration Monday.The administration cited that the frequency of the quakes were uneven. "It is a normal phenomenan of earth movement," it said.Some panicked netizens linked the recent spate of earthquakes to Doomsday Day as depicted by Hollywood disaster film "2012" shown in 2009.China is an earthquake-prone country, witnessing a total of 145 quakes on average on the mainland each year, with 20 quakes above 5 magnitude.

LHASA, Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- Tens of thousands of Tibetans, dressed in traditional costumes, made pilgrimages to temples to pray for a peaceful and prosperous new year on Sunday, the first day of their traditional New Year.The Year of the Iron Tiger in the Tibetan calendar began on Feb. 14 this year, exactly the same date as the Spring Festival, or Lunar New Year. The coincidence has happened 18 times since 1950, according to experts of astrology and Tibetan calendar calculations.Two girls of the Tibetan ethnic group attend a celebration for the lunar New Year of the Tiger according to the Tibetan calendar, in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region, Feb. 14, 2010.Tibetan pilgrims thronged to temples in Lhasa, including Jokhang Temple, a spiritual center of Tibetan Buddhism, from the new year eve to late new year's day.The number of pilgrims to Jokhang Temple alone amounted to more than 100,000, said Lama Dawa of the temple. With a history of more than 1,300 years, it was put on the World Cultural Heritage List in 2000.Pilgrimage is the most important activity for Tibetan buddhism believers on the Tibetan New Year's Day.Dancers perform at the Longwangtan Park for the lunar New Year of the Tiger according to the Tibetan calendar, in Lhasa, capital of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region, Feb. 14, 2010. Dancho, a pilgrim from Xigaze, said, "I came here at 5 a.m. to pray for my parents and relatives and wish them a good new year.""I want to pray for my parents and thank them for raising me up," said Kanmo Tsering, who came here with seven friends from Tibet's neighboring province of Gansu.Like people of other ethnic groups in China, the Tibetans mark the holiday with fireworks, feasts and red couplets with rhymed phrases. They also patrol communities with torches to scare away devils and pray for good luck, while those in farming areas attend horse races and tug-of-wars.The Tibetans enjoy a 10-day holiday for the new year, from Feb. 13 to 22.The New Year's Day also coincides with the Valentine's Day. Many young Tibetans bought jewelry and flowers for their lovers or went to see films with them on the romantic day."The New Year's Day and the Valentine's Day fall on the same day this year. I need not only buy goods for the new year, but buy a gift for my girlfriend," said Cering.Jigme, 18, bought roses for his girlfriend. Nyima, 32, and his wife Zhoigar, however, watched films as they spent each Valentine's Day in the cinema.

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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- Railway and highway stations and airports across China have seen increasing passenger flow since Thursday as millions of Chinese are returning to work or study when the week-long Spring Festival holiday draws to an end, transport authorities said Friday.The four railway stations in Beijing, one of the popular destinations for job hunters, received 150,000 passengers Thursday and the number is expected to sharply increase Friday, the last day of the seven-day Chinese Lunar New Year holiday, Beijing Railways Bureau said in a press release.Most of the passengers are tourists, migrant workers and students whose travel time was less than ten hours.Long-distance travelers are expected to arrive Friday, bringing pressure on downtown traffic, according to the bureau.People queue up to buy tickets at a railway station in Shenyang, capital of northeast China's Liaoning Province, on Feb. 18, 2010. Coach and railway terminals in major Chinese cities are bracing for a fresh travel rush, as millions of festival travelers set foot on return trips to city work after the week-long Spring Festival holidayThe authorities of Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station arranged 18 pairs of additional trains to cope with the travel peak, it said.Public transport authority of Beijing has mobilized more buses to ensure passengers can leave railway stations as quickly as possible. People queue up to buy tickets at a railway station in Shenyang, capital of northeast China's Liaoning Province, on Feb. 18, 2010. Coach and railway terminals in major Chinese cities are bracing for a fresh travel rush, as millions of festival travelers set foot on return trips to city work after the week-long Spring Festival holidayThe ticket hall of Shijiazhuang Railway Station in the capital of Hebei Province that neighbors Beijing was crammed by anxious passengers Friday, when more than 52,000 people are expected to travel by train.Wang Aishu, waiting for getting onboard a train, was at ease holding a ticket he bought six days ago."I knew there will be a travel peak so I bought a ticket as soon as I arrived at the station on the eve of the Spring Festival," said Wang, who was heading for Dongguan City in Guangguang Province to work.The station mobilized 60 officers to help passengers and maintain order.Trains carried away 373,400 people from Hubei Province in central China Thursday, up 20.5 percent as against the same day last year. The volume is expected to rise Friday and Saturday, according to the Railways Bureau of Wuhan, the provincial capital.The railway station of Hefei, capital of Anhui Province in east China, has sent off about 30,000 passengers every day since Thursday to the major destinations of Beijing, Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province, and some other big cities.The station set up 50 ticket booths, including 20 additional ones, to meet the booming demand for departure.The railway station of Nanning, capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in south China, will see 34,000 passengers leaving for other regions Friday, up 17 percent as against that of Thursday.However, a passenger surnamed Huang failed to get a ticket to his workplace of Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province."Tickets are sold out, only those for training leaving after Feb. 25 are available," said Huang, carrying heavy luggage.The country's railways served about 5.44 million passengers nationwide on Thursday, an increase of 12.5 percent over the same day last year, according to the Ministry of Railways (MOR) Friday.The ministry said the number of long-distance travelers increased markedly as more people decided to make an earlier return trip to avoid the traffic boom, and the volume is expected to peak on Friday and Saturday.About 210 million passengers will travel during the 40-day rush period beginning January 30, a 9.5 percent rise compared with a year earlier, MOR had estimated.During the holiday period, 1,972.5 pairs of passenger trains were put into use every day on average, an increase of 156 pairs compared with the same period last year.The trains served with an average daily transport capacity of 5.57 million people, an increase of 430,000 people compared with the same period last year, according to the ministry.In Shandong Province, volume of coach passengers also kept increasing in the past few days.More than 90,000 people are expected to take coach Friday to leave Jinan, the provincial capital, said Zhu Mi, media officer with the city's long-distance coach station.The station is able to handle a maximum volume of 100,000 passengers a day, he said."I left home at 6 a.m. to catch the bus, but every coach has been fully loaded," said a migrant worker who planned to seek job in Guangzhou.Shenzhen, a popular workplace for migrant workers in Guangdong, has seen an increasing number of air passengers over the past several days. More than 45,000 passengers arrived in the city on Thursday and 47,000 others are coming, the airport authority said.The Lunar New Year fell on Feb. 14 this year and is an important traditional festival of family reunions.